Essential Vocabulary for IELTS Writing Task 1

Describing Trends

Increase:

– rise

  – Example: “There was a significant rise in the number of students enrolling in the course.”

– grow

  – Example: “The population of the city grew steadily over the decade.”

– climb

  – Example: “The unemployment rate climbed to 8% in 2020.”

– surge

  – Example: “Profits surged in the second quarter of the year.”

– go up

  – Example: “The cost of living has gone up significantly.”

– escalate

  – Example: “Tensions escalated rapidly between the two countries.”

Decrease:

– fall

  – Example: “The temperature fell to below freezing.”

– drop

  – Example: “Sales dropped sharply after the holiday season.”

– decline

  – Example: “There was a gradual decline in the number of visitors.”

– decrease

  – Example: “The crime rate has decreased in recent years.”

– reduce

  – Example: “Efforts were made to reduce waste production.”

– dip

  – Example: “The stock prices dipped slightly before recovering.”

No Change:

– remain steady

  – Example: “The level of pollution remained steady throughout the year.”

– stay constant

  – Example: “The birth rate stayed constant over the decade.”

– stabilize

  – Example: “After a period of fluctuation, the prices stabilized.”

– plateau

  – Example: “The number of new cases plateaued by mid-year.”

Comparing Data

Similarities:

– similarly

  – Example: “Similarly, the sales figures for the two products increased.”

– likewise

  – Example: “The company’s revenue rose, and likewise, its market share expanded.”

– in the same way

  – Example: “In the same way, both groups showed improvement in their performance.”

– equally

  – Example: “Both methods were equally effective in achieving the results.”

– correspondingly

  – Example: “As the demand increased, the supply correspondingly grew.”

Differences:

– in contrast

  – Example: “In contrast to last year, the number of accidents decreased.”

– however

  – Example: “However, the cost of living remains high.”

– whereas

  – Example: “Whereas the east saw a rise in temperatures, the west experienced a drop.”

– while

  – Example: “While the sales of smartphones increased, tablet sales fell.”

– on the other hand

  – Example: “On the other hand, the older generation prefers traditional media.”

Describing Numbers and Percentages

Exact Numbers:

– the number of

  – Example: “The number of participants was exactly 300.”

– the amount of

  – Example: “The amount of rainfall this year exceeded the average.”

– the proportion of

  – Example: “The proportion of male to female students is 3:2.”

– the percentage of

  – Example: “The percentage of people using public transport increased to 40%.”

Approximation:

– around

  – Example: “Around 50% of the respondents agreed.”

– about

  – Example: “About one-third of the population is under 20 years old.”

– approximately

  – Example: “The company employs approximately 500 workers.”

– nearly

  – Example: “Nearly half of the surveyed group was satisfied.”

– roughly

  – Example: “Roughly 20% of the students failed the exam.”

Describing Time Periods

Specific Time Frames:

– in 2010

  – Example: “In 2010, the company launched its first product.”

– from 2010 to 2020

  – Example: “From 2010 to 2020, there was a steady increase in tourism.”

– over the period

  – Example: “Over the period, the city expanded significantly.”

– during the years

  – Example: “During the years 2015 to 2019, the employment rate rose.”

General Time Frames:

– in recent years

  – Example: “In recent years, there has been a shift towards renewable energy.”

– over the last decade

  – Example: “Over the last decade, the company has seen consistent growth.”

– in the 21st century

  – Example: “In the 21st century, technological advancements have accelerated.”

Describing Highs and Lows

High Points:

– peak

  – Example: “The number of visitors peaked in July.”

– reach a peak

  – Example: “Sales reached a peak during the holiday season.”

– hit a high

  – Example: “Profits hit a high in the second quarter.”

– maximum

  – Example: “The maximum temperature recorded was 40°C.”

Low Points:

– bottom out

  – Example: “The market bottomed out before beginning to recover.”

– hit a low

  – Example: “Unemployment hit a low in December.”

– minimum

  – Example: “The minimum wage has been adjusted for inflation.”

Making Comparisons

Comparative Forms:

– higher than

  – Example: “This year’s revenue is higher than last year’s.”

– lower than

  – Example: “The costs are lower than expected.”

– more than

  – Example: “More than 50% of the population is urban.”

– less than

  – Example: “Less than 20% of the respondents disagreed.”

– better than

  – Example: “The new model is better than the old one.”

– worse than

  – Example: “The weather today is worse than yesterday.”

Superlative Forms:

– the highest

  – Example: “The highest number of complaints was recorded in June.”

– the lowest

  – Example: “The lowest price was found in the online store.”

– the most

  – Example: “The most significant change was in the education sector.”

– the least

  – Example: “The least affected area was the south.”

– the best

  – Example: “This is the best performance we have seen.”

– the worst

  – Example: “The worst outcome was avoided.”

Describing Proportions

Fractions:

– one third

  – Example: “One third of the students passed the exam.”

– a quarter

  – Example: “A quarter of the population is over 60 years old.”

– half

  – Example: “Half of the participants were male.”

– two-thirds

  – Example: “Two-thirds of the respondents supported the proposal.”

Proportions:

– the majority of

  – Example: “The majority of voters were in favor.”

– a minority of

  – Example: “A minority of people opposed the change.”

– a small portion of

  – Example: “A small portion of the budget was allocated to marketing.”

– a large proportion of

  – Example: “A large proportion of the workforce is involved in manufacturing.”

 Additional Useful Vocabulary

Adjectives:

– significant

  – Example: “There was a significant increase in sales.”

– substantial

  – Example: “The company made a substantial profit.”

– slight

  – Example: “There was a slight decline in attendance.”

– marginal

  – Example: “The changes were marginal.”

– dramatic

  – Example: “There was a dramatic drop in prices.”

– moderate

  – Example: “The improvements were moderate.”

Adverbs:

– significantly

  – Example: “Profits rose significantly.”

– substantially

  – Example: “The policy has substantially benefited the community.”

– slightly

  – Example: “The figures decreased slightly.”

– marginally

  – Example: “The differences were marginally noticeable.”

– dramatically

  – Example: “The market has changed dramatically.”

– moderately

  – Example: “Prices increased moderately.”

 Sample Sentence Structures

1. “The graph shows that X increased from Y to Z between [year] and [year].”

   – Example: “The graph shows that the number of tourists increased from 1 million to 2 million between 2010 and 2020.”

2. “There was a [adjective] [increase/decrease] in X, reaching [number] in [year].”

   – Example: “There was a significant increase in car sales, reaching 500,000 in 2015.”

3. “X remained relatively stable at [number] over the period.”

   – Example: “The unemployment rate remained relatively stable at 5% over the period.”

Conclusion

Using this vocabulary will help you write clear and precise descriptions for your IELTS Writing Task 1. Good luck with your exam!

Title for Notes: “Essential Vocabulary for IELTS Writing Task 1 with Examples”

Essay 2. Many people believe that social networking sites have a negative impact on individuals and society. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Version 1

Social networking sites have become an integral part of modern life, offering numerous benefits such as connecting people and providing a platform for sharing information. However, many believe that these sites have a negative impact on both individuals and society. I agree to a considerable extent with this viewpoint, as the drawbacks of social networking sites often outweigh their benefits.

One major negative impact of social networking sites on individuals is the potential for addiction. Many users find themselves spending excessive amounts of time on these platforms, often at the expense of their real-life responsibilities and relationships. This compulsive usage can lead to decreased productivity, disrupted sleep patterns, and even mental health issues such as anxiety and depression. For example, the constant comparison with others’ curated lives can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem.

Moreover, social networking sites have been linked to a rise in cyberbullying and online harassment. The anonymity provided by these platforms can embolden individuals to engage in harmful behaviors that they might avoid in face-to-face interactions. Victims of cyberbullying often suffer from emotional distress, which can have severe consequences on their mental well-being. In extreme cases, this can lead to self-harm or suicidal thoughts.

In addition to the individual impacts, social networking sites can negatively affect society as a whole. The spread of misinformation and fake news is a significant concern. These platforms can amplify false information rapidly, leading to widespread misconceptions and even social unrest. For instance, during the COVID-19 pandemic, misinformation about the virus and vaccines proliferated on social media, contributing to public confusion and hindering effective public health responses.

Furthermore, social networking sites can contribute to societal polarization. Algorithms designed to increase user engagement often promote content that reinforces users’ existing beliefs and biases. This can create echo chambers where individuals are only exposed to information and opinions that align with their own, leading to a fragmented and polarized society. Such polarization can undermine social cohesion and make it more challenging to find common ground on important issues.

However, it is also important to acknowledge the positive aspects of social networking sites. They can facilitate communication, foster connections, and provide a platform for marginalized voices. Social media has been instrumental in organizing social movements and raising awareness about critical issues such as climate change and social justice. Despite these benefits, the negative impacts on mental health, the spread of misinformation, and societal polarization are significant concerns that cannot be overlooked.

In conclusion, while social networking sites offer certain advantages, their negative impacts on individuals and society are substantial. The potential for addiction, cyberbullying, misinformation, and societal polarization are critical issues that need to be addressed. Therefore, I agree to a considerable extent that social networking sites have a detrimental effect on both individuals and society.

 Glossary for Band 9+ IELTS Writing

1. Integral part – Essential component.

2. Considerable extent – To a large degree.

3. Drawbacks – Disadvantages or negative aspects.

4. Addiction – A compulsive need for and use of something.

5. Compulsive usage – Uncontrollable use.

6. Decreased productivity – Lowered output or efficiency.

7. Disrupted sleep patterns – Irregular sleep cycles.

8. Mental health issues – Psychological problems.

9. Curated lives – Carefully selected and presented aspects of life.

10. Feelings of inadequacy – Sensations of not being good enough.

11. Cyberbullying – Online harassment or bullying.

12. Emotional distress – Severe emotional suffering.

13. Self-harm – Deliberate injury to oneself.

14. Proliferated – Spread rapidly.

15. Public confusion – Widespread uncertainty among people.

16. Hindering effective responses – Impeding successful actions.

17. Societal polarization – Division within society.

18. Echo chambers – Environments where a person only encounters information or opinions that reflect and reinforce their own.

19. Social cohesion – The bonds that bring society together.

20. Marginalized voices – People whose opinions and experiences are often ignored or excluded.

21. Instrumental in organizing – Crucial for planning and executing.

22. Raising awareness – Increasing public knowledge and concern.

23. Critical issues – Extremely important matters.

24. Detrimental effect – Harmful impact.

Version 2

The rise of social networking sites has revolutionized the way we communicate and share information. While these platforms offer numerous benefits, there is a growing belief that they have a negative impact on individuals and society. I agree to a considerable extent with this view, as the adverse effects often outweigh the positive aspects.

One significant negative impact of social networking sites on individuals is the erosion of privacy. Users often share personal information without fully understanding the potential consequences. This data can be exploited by companies for targeted advertising or, worse, fall into the hands of malicious actors, leading to identity theft and other cybercrimes. Moreover, the permanence of online posts means that indiscretions made in the past can resurface, affecting personal and professional relationships.

Another issue is the addictive nature of social networking sites. Many individuals find themselves spending excessive amounts of time on these platforms, often at the expense of real-life interactions and responsibilities. This addiction can lead to a sedentary lifestyle, poor mental health, and strained relationships. For instance, constant exposure to carefully curated images and posts can foster feelings of inadequacy and jealousy, contributing to anxiety and depression.

In addition to individual impacts, social networking sites have broader societal implications. One major concern is the dissemination of misinformation. The rapid spread of false information on these platforms can lead to widespread misconceptions and even social unrest. During elections, for example, the proliferation of fake news can influence voter behavior and undermine democratic processes. Similarly, misinformation about health issues can lead to harmful practices and public health crises.

Moreover, social networking sites can exacerbate societal divisions. Algorithms designed to maximize user engagement often promote content that aligns with users’ existing beliefs, creating echo chambers. This can lead to increased polarization, as individuals become less exposed to differing viewpoints and more entrenched in their own. The result is a fragmented society where constructive dialogue and compromise become increasingly difficult.

However, it is essential to recognize the positive aspects of social networking sites. These platforms facilitate global communication, allowing people to connect across distances and share diverse perspectives. They also provide a powerful tool for social activism, enabling movements to gain traction and effect change. Despite these benefits, the negative impacts on privacy, mental health, and societal cohesion are significant and cannot be ignored.

In conclusion, while social networking sites offer advantages such as global connectivity and social activism, their negative impacts on individuals and society are substantial. Issues such as privacy erosion, addiction, misinformation, and polarization highlight the need for careful consideration and management of these platforms. Therefore, I agree to a considerable extent that social networking sites have a detrimental effect on both individuals and society.

 Glossary for Band 9+ IELTS Writing

1. Revolutionized – Drastically changed or transformed.

2. Adverse effects – Negative impacts.

3. Erosion of privacy – Gradual loss of personal privacy.

4. Exploited – Taken advantage of.

5. Malicious actors – People who intend to cause harm.

6. Identity theft – Stealing someone’s personal information to commit fraud.

7. Indiscretions – Careless or foolish actions.

8. Addictive nature – Tendency to cause addiction.

9. Sedentary lifestyle – A way of life that involves little physical activity.

10. Strained relationships – Relationships that are under stress or tension.

11. Carefully curated images – Selectively presented pictures.

12. Dissemination of misinformation – Spreading false information.

13. Widespread misconceptions – Commonly held false beliefs.

14. Proliferation of fake news – Rapid increase in false news stories.

15. Undermine democratic processes – Weaken democratic systems.

16. Harmful practices – Actions that cause damage or harm.

17. Public health crises – Widespread health emergencies.

18. Exacerbate societal divisions – Worsen social divides.

19. Algorithms – Sets of rules or calculations used by computers.

20. Maximize user engagement – Increase user interaction.

21. Echo chambers – Environments where a person only hears opinions that reinforce their own.

22. Entrenched – Deeply established.

23. Fragmented society – A society that is divided.

24. Constructive dialogue – Productive conversation.

25. Compromise – An agreement reached by each side making concessions.

26. Facilitate global communication – Make worldwide communication easier.

27. Gain traction – Gather support and momentum.

28. Detrimental effect – Harmful impact.

Version 3

The advent of social networking sites has undeniably transformed the way we interact and share information. While these platforms offer various benefits, there is a widespread belief that they have a negative impact on both individuals and society. I largely agree with this perspective, as the detrimental effects often overshadow the positive aspects.

One of the primary negative impacts of social networking sites on individuals is the decline in face-to-face interactions. As people spend more time online, they often neglect real-world relationships, leading to weakened social bonds and a sense of isolation. For instance, individuals might opt to message friends or family through social media rather than meeting them in person, which can diminish the quality of those relationships. Furthermore, the constant comparison with others’ seemingly perfect lives can lead to feelings of inadequacy and depression.

Another significant issue is the pervasive nature of cyberbullying and online harassment. The anonymity provided by social networking sites can embolden users to engage in harmful behaviors that they would avoid in person. Victims of cyberbullying often experience severe emotional distress, which can lead to long-term psychological effects such as anxiety, depression, and even suicidal thoughts. The impact on teenagers and young adults can be particularly devastating, as they are more vulnerable to peer pressure and social validation.

Social networking sites also have broader societal implications. One major concern is the rapid dissemination of misinformation and fake news. These platforms can spread false information quickly, leading to public confusion and mistrust. During significant events such as elections or health crises, the proliferation of inaccurate information can have serious consequences, undermining public confidence in institutions and hindering effective decision-making.

Moreover, social networking sites contribute to societal polarization. Algorithms designed to increase user engagement often show content that aligns with users’ existing beliefs, creating echo chambers where individuals are exposed only to viewpoints that reinforce their own. This can lead to increased division and a lack of understanding between different groups, making constructive dialogue and compromise more challenging.

However, it is important to acknowledge the positive aspects of social networking sites. They facilitate global communication, allowing people to connect with others across the world and share diverse perspectives. These platforms also serve as powerful tools for social movements, enabling activists to organize, raise awareness, and mobilize support for various causes. Despite these benefits, the negative impacts on mental health, social cohesion, and the spread of misinformation are significant and cannot be overlooked.

In conclusion, while social networking sites offer advantages such as enhanced global connectivity and support for social causes, their negative impacts on individuals and society are considerable. The issues of reduced face-to-face interaction, cyberbullying, misinformation, and polarization highlight the need for careful management and regulation of these platforms. Therefore, I largely agree that social networking sites have a detrimental effect on both individuals and society.

 Glossary for Band 9+ IELTS Writing

1. Advent – The arrival or introduction of something.

2. Undeniably – Clearly true or certain.

3. Transformed – Changed significantly.

4. Widespread belief – Commonly held opinion.

5. Detrimental effects – Harmful impacts.

6. Decline in face-to-face interactions – Reduction in personal meetings.

7. Weakened social bonds – Reduced strength of personal relationships.

8. Sense of isolation – Feeling of being alone.

9. Seemingly perfect lives – Lives that appear ideal.

10. Inadequacy – Feeling of not being good enough.

11. Pervasive nature – Widespread existence.

12. Cyberbullying – Online harassment or bullying.

13. Embolden – Give confidence to act boldly.

14. Emotional distress – Severe emotional suffering.

15. Long-term psychological effects – Lasting mental impacts.

16. Peer pressure – Influence from members of one’s peer group.

17. Dissemination of misinformation – Spreading false information.

18. Proliferation of inaccurate information – Rapid increase in false news.

19. Undermining public confidence – Reducing trust in public institutions.

20. Societal polarization – Division within society.

21. Echo chambers – Environments where a person only hears opinions that reinforce their own.

22. Constructive dialogue – Productive conversation.

23. Global communication – Worldwide interaction.

24. Mobilize support – Gather and organize backing for a cause.

25. Social cohesion – The bonds that bring society together.

26. Careful management – Thoughtful handling. 27. Largely agree – Mostly concur or believe.