Essay 17. Some people think that zoos are cruel and should be closed down. Others, however, believe that zoos can be beneficial for protecting endangered animals. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Version 1

Zoos have long been a topic of debate, with some people arguing that they are cruel and should be closed down, while others believe that zoos play a crucial role in protecting endangered animals. This essay will discuss both perspectives and offer an opinion on the matter.

On one hand, critics argue that zoos are inherently cruel to animals. They contend that confining animals to enclosures, often far smaller than their natural habitats, leads to physical and psychological stress. Animals in zoos may exhibit signs of distress, such as pacing, self-mutilation, and other abnormal behaviors, which are rarely seen in the wild. This behavior, known as “zoochosis,” suggests that captivity can be detrimental to animal welfare. Moreover, critics highlight that some zoos fail to provide adequate living conditions, proper nutrition, and medical care, further exacerbating the suffering of the animals.

Additionally, opponents of zoos argue that the primary motive of many zoos is profit rather than conservation. They point out that the commercialization of wildlife can lead to unethical practices, such as the capture of wild animals, breeding programs that do not prioritize genetic diversity, and the exploitation of animals for entertainment purposes. These practices can undermine the conservation messages that zoos claim to promote, making the existence of such institutions morally questionable.

On the other hand, supporters of zoos argue that they play a vital role in the conservation of endangered species. Zoos often participate in breeding programs aimed at increasing the population of species that are at risk of extinction. These programs can be successful in preserving genetic diversity and ensuring the survival of species that might otherwise disappear. For example, the California condor and the Arabian oryx are notable success stories of species that have been brought back from the brink of extinction through zoo-led conservation efforts.

Furthermore, zoos can serve as important educational platforms. They provide visitors, especially children, with the opportunity to learn about wildlife and the importance of conservation. This educational aspect can foster a sense of connection to the natural world and inspire future generations to support and engage in conservation efforts. Additionally, many zoos contribute to scientific research by studying animal behavior, genetics, and health, which can provide valuable insights for conservation strategies in the wild.

In my opinion, while the ethical concerns raised by critics are valid, the potential benefits of zoos in terms of conservation and education cannot be overlooked. It is crucial, however, that zoos adhere to the highest standards of animal welfare and focus on genuine conservation efforts rather than profit. Zoos should be regularly inspected and held accountable to ensure that they provide suitable habitats, proper care, and meaningful educational experiences. By doing so, zoos can fulfill their role as sanctuaries for endangered species and educators for the public while minimizing the ethical dilemmas associated with captivity.

In conclusion, the debate over zoos is complex, involving valid arguments on both sides. While some view zoos as cruel and outdated institutions, others see them as vital for the protection of endangered animals and education. Striking a balance between these perspectives requires rigorous standards and a genuine commitment to animal welfare and conservation.

Vocabulary with Definitions

1. Confining: Restricting someone or something within limits.

2. Enclosures: Areas surrounded by a barrier where animals are kept.

3. Psychological stress: Mental strain or anxiety.

4. Zoochosis: Abnormal behavior exhibited by animals in captivity.

5. Detrimental: Tending to cause harm.

6. Exacerbating: Making a problem or negative situation worse.

7. Conservation: The protection and preservation of the natural environment and wildlife.

8. Genetic diversity: The total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species.

9. Ethical: Relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.

10. Commercialization: The process of managing or running something principally for financial gain.

11. Exploitation: The action of making use of and benefiting from resources.

12. Educational platforms: Systems or structures used for educational purposes.

13. Sanctuaries: Places of refuge or safety, especially for animals.

14. Insights: An accurate and deep understanding of a complex situation or problem.

15. Accountable: Required or expected to justify actions or decisions; responsible.

Version 2

The existence of zoos has sparked a long-standing debate, with some individuals asserting that zoos are inhumane and should be shut down, while others argue that zoos serve an essential role in conserving endangered species. This essay will examine both viewpoints and present an opinion on the issue.

Critics of zoos argue that they are fundamentally cruel to animals. They claim that confining animals to enclosures, which are often much smaller than their natural habitats, results in physical and psychological distress. Animals in zoos frequently display signs of stress, such as pacing, self-harm, and other abnormal behaviors rarely observed in the wild. This condition, referred to as “zoochosis,” indicates that captivity can be harmful to animal well-being. Furthermore, detractors highlight that some zoos do not provide adequate living conditions, proper nutrition, or medical care, exacerbating the animals’ suffering.

Opponents also contend that the primary objective of many zoos is profit rather than conservation. They argue that the commercialization of wildlife leads to unethical practices, such as capturing wild animals, conducting breeding programs without prioritizing genetic diversity, and exploiting animals for entertainment. These practices can undermine the conservation messages that zoos claim to advocate, raising ethical concerns about the existence of such institutions.

Conversely, proponents of zoos argue that they play a critical role in the conservation of endangered species. Zoos often engage in breeding programs designed to boost the populations of at-risk species. These initiatives can be successful in preserving genetic diversity and ensuring the survival of species that might otherwise face extinction. Notable success stories include the California condor and the Arabian oryx, both of which were saved from extinction through zoo-led conservation efforts.

Moreover, zoos serve as valuable educational resources. They offer visitors, particularly children, the chance to learn about wildlife and the importance of conservation. This educational aspect can foster a sense of connection to the natural world and inspire future generations to support conservation efforts. Additionally, many zoos contribute to scientific research by studying animal behavior, genetics, and health, providing insights that can inform conservation strategies in the wild.

In my view, while the ethical concerns raised by critics are valid, the potential benefits of zoos in terms of conservation and education should not be dismissed. It is imperative that zoos maintain the highest standards of animal welfare and focus genuinely on conservation rather than profit. Zoos should be regularly inspected and held accountable to ensure they provide appropriate habitats, adequate care, and meaningful educational experiences. By doing so, zoos can fulfill their role as sanctuaries for endangered species and educational institutions for the public while addressing the ethical issues associated with captivity.

In conclusion, the debate over zoos is multifaceted, with compelling arguments on both sides. While some view zoos as inhumane and outdated, others see them as essential for protecting endangered animals and educating the public. Achieving a balance between these perspectives requires stringent standards and a genuine commitment to animal welfare and conservation.

Vocabulary with Definitions

1. Inhumane: Lacking compassion and causing suffering.

2. Enclosures: Areas surrounded by barriers where animals are kept.

3. Psychological distress: Mental suffering or anxiety.

4. Zoochosis: Abnormal behavior exhibited by animals in captivity.

5. Detractors: People who criticize or oppose something.

6. Exacerbating: Making a situation worse.

7. Conservation: The protection and preservation of the natural environment and wildlife.

8. Genetic diversity: The variety of genes within a particular species.

9. Commercialization: The process of managing or running something for financial gain.

10. Exploiting: Taking unfair advantage of a resource.

11. Educational resources: Tools or materials used for educational purposes.

12. Sanctuaries: Places of refuge or safety, especially for animals.

13. Insights: Deep understanding of a complex situation or problem.

14. Accountable: Required to justify actions or decisions; responsible.

15. Multifaceted: Having many aspects or sides.

Version 3

The role of zoos in modern society is a contentious issue, with some people asserting that zoos are inherently cruel and should be abolished, while others believe that zoos are vital for the protection of endangered species. This essay will explore both perspectives and provide a personal viewpoint on the matter.

Those who argue against zoos often highlight the ethical issues associated with keeping animals in captivity. They believe that confining animals to small, artificial environments deprives them of their natural behaviors and habitats, leading to physical and psychological suffering. Animals in zoos may exhibit signs of distress such as repetitive pacing, self-harm, and other abnormal behaviors, collectively known as “zoochosis.” These behaviors suggest that the animals are unable to cope with the stress of captivity. Additionally, critics point out that some zoos fail to meet basic standards of animal welfare, providing inadequate space, poor nutrition, and insufficient medical care.

Moreover, opponents of zoos argue that many of these institutions prioritize profit over animal welfare and conservation. The commercialization of wildlife often results in unethical practices, such as capturing animals from the wild, engaging in inbreeding, and using animals for entertainment purposes. These actions not only compromise the well-being of the animals but also undermine the educational and conservation goals that zoos claim to support.

On the other hand, supporters of zoos contend that these institutions play a crucial role in the conservation of endangered species. Zoos participate in breeding programs designed to increase the populations of species at risk of extinction. These programs can be successful in preserving genetic diversity and preventing the loss of biodiversity. For example, species such as the giant panda and the black-footed ferret have been saved from extinction through the concerted efforts of zoos around the world.

In addition to their conservation efforts, zoos serve as important educational venues. They provide the public, especially children, with the opportunity to learn about wildlife and the importance of conservation firsthand. This educational aspect can inspire people to support conservation initiatives and foster a greater appreciation for the natural world. Furthermore, zoos contribute to scientific research by studying animal behavior, genetics, and health, offering valuable insights that can aid in the development of effective conservation strategies in the wild.

In my opinion, while the ethical concerns surrounding zoos are valid and should not be ignored, the benefits that zoos offer in terms of conservation and education are significant. It is essential that zoos adhere to the highest standards of animal welfare and focus on their conservation missions rather than purely on profit. Regular inspections and accountability measures should be implemented to ensure that zoos provide suitable habitats, proper care, and meaningful educational experiences. By doing so, zoos can fulfill their role as sanctuaries for endangered species and as centers of learning for the public, while addressing the ethical issues associated with keeping animals in captivity.

In conclusion, the debate over the existence of zoos is complex, with strong arguments on both sides. While some see zoos as cruel institutions that should be closed, others recognize their importance in protecting endangered animals and educating the public. Finding a balance between these viewpoints requires strict adherence to animal welfare standards and a genuine commitment to conservation.

Vocabulary with Definitions

1. Contentious: Causing or likely to cause an argument; controversial.

2. Abolished: Formally put an end to (a system, practice, or institution).

3. Artificial environments: Man-made surroundings that are different from natural habitats.

4. Deprives: Denies the possession or use of something.

5. Zoochosis: Abnormal behavior exhibited by animals in captivity.

6. Conservation: The protection and preservation of the natural environment and wildlife.

7. Biodiversity: The variety of plant and animal life in the world or in a particular habitat.

8. Inbreeding: The breeding of closely related individuals, often leading to a decrease in genetic diversity.

9. Commercialization: The process of managing or running something principally for financial gain.

10. Venues: Places where events or activities are held.

11. Sanctuaries: Places of refuge or safety, especially for animals.

12. Insights: Deep understanding of a complex situation or problem.

13. Accountability measures: Actions or policies designed to ensure responsibility and transparency.

14. Adhere: Stick fast to (a surface or substance); believe in and follow the practices of. 15. Biodiversity: The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

Essay 16. The increase in mobile phone use in recent years has transformed the way we communicate. Discuss the positive and negative effects of this change on individuals and society.

Version 1

In recent years, the proliferation of mobile phone usage has significantly transformed the way individuals communicate. This transformation has brought about profound changes, both positive and negative, affecting individuals and society as a whole. This essay will explore these dual aspects, examining the benefits of enhanced connectivity and the drawbacks of over-reliance on mobile devices.

On the positive side, mobile phones have revolutionized communication by making it more immediate and accessible. The ability to connect with anyone, anywhere, at any time, has bridged geographical distances, fostering stronger relationships and enabling real-time information exchange. For instance, in emergencies, mobile phones have proven to be invaluable tools, allowing people to call for help instantly and share crucial information rapidly. Furthermore, the advent of smartphones has integrated multiple communication platforms, such as text messaging, voice calls, and video conferencing, into a single device, streamlining the way we interact.

Another significant advantage is the facilitation of social connections. Social media applications on mobile phones enable users to stay connected with friends and family, share experiences, and participate in social networks, thereby enhancing social bonds. Mobile phones have also democratized access to information and educational resources, empowering individuals to learn and grow beyond the confines of traditional settings.

However, the ubiquitous presence of mobile phones has also introduced several negative consequences. One of the primary concerns is the impact on face-to-face communication. The convenience of digital communication often leads to reduced in-person interactions, weakening the quality of personal relationships. Studies have shown that excessive mobile phone use can result in decreased empathy and poor social skills, particularly among younger generations who are still developing these crucial abilities.

Moreover, the constant connectivity facilitated by mobile phones can lead to increased stress and anxiety. The expectation to be constantly available can create pressure, making it difficult for individuals to disconnect and relax. This phenomenon, often referred to as “hyperconnectivity,” can negatively impact mental health, contributing to issues such as sleep disturbances and reduced productivity.

Additionally, the overuse of mobile phones has raised concerns about privacy and security. With the vast amount of personal information stored on these devices, individuals are increasingly vulnerable to data breaches and cyber-attacks. This vulnerability can lead to significant personal and financial consequences, highlighting the need for robust security measures and user awareness.

In conclusion, while the increase in mobile phone use has undoubtedly transformed communication, bringing numerous benefits such as enhanced connectivity and access to information, it has also introduced challenges that need to be addressed. The negative effects on face-to-face interactions, mental health, and privacy underscore the importance of finding a balance in mobile phone usage. As society continues to adapt to these technological advancements, it is crucial to mitigate the adverse impacts while maximizing the positive potential of mobile phones in communication.

Vocabulary with Definitions

1. Proliferation: Rapid increase in numbers.

2. Profound: Very great or intense.

3. Geographical distances: Physical spaces between locations.

4. Invaluable: Extremely useful or indispensable.

5. Streamlining: Making an organization or system more efficient and effective by employing faster or simpler working methods.

6. Democratized: Made accessible to everyone.

7. Confines: Limits or borders.

8. Ubiquitous: Present, appearing, or found everywhere.

9. Hyperconnectivity: The state of being constantly connected to people and systems through technology.

10. Mitigate: Make less severe, serious, or painful.

11. Empathy: The ability to understand and share the feelings of another.

12. Cyber-attacks: Attempts by hackers to damage or destroy a computer network or system.

13. Robust: Strong and healthy; vigorous.

14. Vulnerability: Susceptibility to physical or emotional harm.

15. Adverse: Preventing success or development; harmful or unfavorable.

Version 2

The surge in mobile phone use over recent years has dramatically transformed communication. This technological advancement brings a blend of benefits and drawbacks that affect both individuals and society.

Firstly, mobile phones enable instant communication, transcending geographical boundaries. This constant connectivity enhances personal relationships and supports emotional well-being by reducing feelings of isolation. For instance, families separated by distance can maintain close ties through video calls and messaging apps.

Secondly, mobile phones significantly contribute to economic activities. They facilitate business communications, making it easier for entrepreneurs to coordinate with clients and employees, thus enhancing efficiency. Moreover, mobile banking and online shopping have become increasingly popular, providing convenience and accessibility to users globally.

Thirdly, mobile phones democratize access to information. With educational resources readily available, individuals can pursue self-directed learning and stay informed about global events. This benefits students and professionals, enhancing their knowledge and skills.

Despite these benefits, increased mobile phone use has negative consequences. One major concern is its impact on mental health. The constant barrage of notifications and the pressure to stay connected can lead to anxiety and stress. Additionally, excessive social media use has been linked to cyberbullying, social comparison, and decreased self-esteem, particularly among teenagers.

Another issue is the deterioration of face-to-face communication skills. Reliance on text-based communication can hinder the development of interpersonal skills and reduce the quality of in-person interactions. This can lead to misunderstandings and weakened relationships.

Moreover, mobile phone addiction is a growing concern. Many individuals find it difficult to detach from their devices, leading to decreased productivity and impaired concentration. This addiction also has broader societal implications, such as distracted driving, posing significant public safety risks.

In conclusion, while mobile phones have transformed communication in numerous positive ways, it is crucial to address the accompanying drawbacks. Balancing the benefits of instant connectivity, economic facilitation, and information access with the challenges of mental health, reduced interpersonal skills, and addiction is essential for individuals and society to fully harness the potential of mobile technology.

Band Score Vocabulary with Definitions

1. Surge – a sudden increase.

2. Transcending – going beyond the limits.

3. Geographical boundaries – the limits or borders of geographic areas.

4. Emotional well-being – a state of positive mental health and emotional stability.

5. Entrepreneurs – individuals who create and manage businesses.

6. Coordinate – to organize and manage activities or events.

7. Self-directed learning – learning that is controlled and directed by the learner.

8. Cyberbullying – the use of electronic communication to bully a person.

9. Interpersonal skills – the ability to communicate or interact well with other people.

10. Detach – to disengage or remove oneself.

11. Impaired concentration – decreased ability to focus or pay attention.

12. Public safety – the welfare and protection of the general public.

Version 3

In recent years, the rapid increase in mobile phone usage has dramatically reshaped the way we communicate, bringing significant changes to both individual lives and society as a whole. While the benefits of enhanced connectivity and accessibility are undeniable, there are also notable drawbacks associated with this technological advancement. This essay will discuss the positive and negative effects of increased mobile phone use on individuals and society.

On the positive side, mobile phones have revolutionized communication by making it instantaneous and widely accessible. The ability to connect with others regardless of geographic barriers has strengthened personal relationships and expanded professional networks. For instance, family members living in different parts of the world can now maintain close ties through video calls and instant messaging. Moreover, mobile phones have facilitated emergency communication, enabling people to seek help and coordinate responses swiftly in critical situations.

Mobile phones have also democratized access to information and education. With smartphones, individuals can access vast amounts of information, participate in online courses, and engage in continuous learning. This accessibility has empowered people to enhance their knowledge and skills, contributing to personal and professional growth. Additionally, mobile phones have become essential tools for business, enabling remote work, virtual meetings, and seamless collaboration, which have become particularly important during the COVID-19 pandemic.

However, the increased use of mobile phones also brings several negative consequences. One major concern is the impact on face-to-face interactions. The convenience of digital communication often leads to a decline in in-person socialization, which can weaken the quality of relationships. Research indicates that excessive mobile phone use is associated with reduced empathy and social skills, particularly among younger individuals who are still developing these abilities.

Another significant issue is the effect on mental health. The constant availability of communication can create a sense of pressure to be always reachable, leading to stress and anxiety. This phenomenon, known as “technostress,” can disrupt sleep patterns and reduce overall well-being. Furthermore, the addictive nature of mobile phones, with constant notifications and social media engagement, can lead to decreased productivity and attention spans.

Privacy and security are additional concerns associated with mobile phone use. The vast amount of personal data stored on mobile devices makes users vulnerable to cyber-attacks and data breaches. This vulnerability can have severe consequences, including identity theft and financial loss. Ensuring robust security measures and educating users about privacy risks are essential to mitigating these dangers.

In conclusion, the rise in mobile phone use has profoundly transformed communication, offering numerous benefits such as enhanced connectivity, access to information, and business efficiency. However, it also presents challenges, including the decline in face-to-face interactions, mental health issues, and privacy concerns. Balancing the advantages and disadvantages of mobile phone use is crucial for individuals and society to fully harness the potential of this technology while addressing its negative impacts.

Vocabulary with Definitions

1. Reshaped: Changed or transformed.

2. Geographic barriers: Physical distances that separate people.

3. Instantaneous: Occurring immediately.

4. Democratized: Made accessible to everyone.

5. Virtual meetings: Meetings held online via video conferencing tools.

6. Empathy: The ability to understand and share the feelings of others.

7. Technostress: Stress or discomfort caused by the use of technology.

8. Addictive: Causing a strong and harmful need to regularly have or do something.

9. Attention spans: The length of time a person can concentrate on a task without becoming distracted.

10. Cyber-attacks: Attempts by hackers to damage or disrupt a computer network or system.

11. Data breaches: Incidents where sensitive, protected, or confidential data is accessed or disclosed without authorization.

12. Identity theft: The fraudulent acquisition and use of a person’s private identifying information.

13. Robust: Strong and effective.

14. Mitigating: Making less severe, serious, or painful. 15. Harness: To utilize effectively.

IELTS Speaking Real Test 2024: Sample Cue Card and Part 3 Questions

IELTS Speaking Part 2 – Modern and Traditional Art

IELTS Speaking Part 2 Cue Card

Describe a piece of art (modern or traditional) that you like.

You should say:

What the piece of art is
When and where you first saw it
What it looks like
And explain why you like it

Follow-up Questions

What forms of traditional art are popular in your country?
How does modern art differ from traditional art in your view?
Do you think art galleries and museums should focus more on traditional art or modern art? Why?
In your opinion, how important is it to preserve traditional art forms?
Do you believe that modern art is more appreciated by younger generations? Why or why not?
How can traditional art be made more appealing to contemporary audiences?
What role do you think technology plays in the creation and appreciation of modern art?
Can you think of any traditional art forms that have influenced modern art?
Do you think governments should support the arts more? If so, how?
How do you think art influences cultural identity and heritage?

IELTS Speaking Part 2 Cue Card Answer

Describe a piece of art (modern or traditional) that you like.

One piece of art that I greatly admire is the “Mona Lisa” by Leonardo da Vinci. This iconic painting, which dates back to the early 16th century, is housed in the Louvre Museum in Paris. I had the opportunity to see it in person during a visit to the Louvre a few years ago, and the experience was unforgettable.

The “Mona Lisa” depicts a woman with an enigmatic expression, which has intrigued and captivated viewers for centuries. Her mysterious smile and the subtle interplay of light and shadow, known as sfumato, demonstrate Leonardo da Vinci’s mastery of the art of painting. The background of the painting features a distant landscape with winding paths and a bridge, adding depth and a sense of tranquility to the composition.

What I find particularly fascinating about the “Mona Lisa” is not just its artistic brilliance but also its historical and cultural significance. It has become a symbol of Renaissance art and has influenced countless artists and art movements. The painting’s fame is partly due to its history, including its theft in 1911 and the various theories about the identity of the sitter.

I appreciate the “Mona Lisa” for its timeless beauty and the skill with which it was created. The painting’s ability to evoke curiosity and admiration across generations makes it a truly remarkable piece of art.

Follow-up Questions and Answers

What forms of traditional art are popular in your country?
In my country, traditional art forms such as carpet weaving, miniature painting, and pottery are quite popular. These art forms have been passed down through generations and are deeply embedded in our cultural heritage. Each piece is meticulously crafted, often featuring intricate patterns and designs that reflect our history and traditions.
How does modern art differ from traditional art in your view?
Modern art often emphasizes innovation and experimentation, breaking away from traditional techniques and subjects. It tends to focus more on abstract concepts and emotions, using a variety of mediums and styles. In contrast, traditional art typically adheres to established conventions and often depicts realistic scenes or historical events. Both forms have their own unique appeal and value.
Do you think art galleries and museums should focus more on traditional art or modern art? Why?
I believe art galleries and museums should strive for a balance between traditional and modern art. Showcasing both allows visitors to appreciate the evolution of artistic expression over time. Traditional art provides a connection to our past and cultural roots, while modern art offers fresh perspectives and challenges our perceptions. This balance can enrich our understanding and appreciation of the art world.
In your opinion, how important is it to preserve traditional art forms?
Preserving traditional art forms is crucial as they are an integral part of our cultural identity and heritage. They offer insights into the values, beliefs, and practices of our ancestors. Moreover, traditional art forms can inspire contemporary artists and contribute to the diversity and richness of the global artistic landscape. Without preservation efforts, we risk losing these valuable cultural expressions.
Do you believe that modern art is more appreciated by younger generations? Why or why not?
Yes, I do believe that modern art is more appreciated by younger generations. This is likely because modern art often addresses contemporary issues and utilizes innovative techniques and materials that resonate with younger audiences. Additionally, the abstract and interpretive nature of modern art can be more engaging for those who are accustomed to a fast-paced, visually-driven world.
How can traditional art be made more appealing to contemporary audiences?
Traditional art can be made more appealing to contemporary audiences by integrating it with modern elements. For instance, digital exhibitions and interactive displays can provide a more engaging experience. Collaborations between traditional and modern artists can also create unique works that highlight the relevance of traditional techniques and motifs in today’s world.
What role do you think technology plays in the creation and appreciation of modern art?
Technology plays a significant role in both the creation and appreciation of modern art. Digital tools and software allow artists to explore new creative possibilities and produce art in innovative ways. Additionally, technology has made art more accessible through online galleries, virtual reality exhibitions, and social media platforms, enabling a wider audience to experience and appreciate modern art.
Can you think of any traditional art forms that have influenced modern art?
Yes, many traditional art forms have influenced modern art. For example, Japanese ukiyo-e woodblock prints had a profound impact on Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artists such as Vincent van Gogh and Claude Monet. The simplicity, bold lines, and use of color in these prints inspired modern artists to experiment with similar techniques and aesthetics in their own works.
Do you think governments should support the arts more? If so, how?
Yes, I believe governments should support the arts more. They can do this by providing funding for art programs in schools, offering grants and subsidies for artists and cultural institutions, and promoting public art projects. Such support can help nurture creative talent, preserve cultural heritage, and make the arts more accessible to the public.
How do you think art influences cultural identity and heritage?
Art plays a vital role in shaping and expressing cultural identity and heritage. It reflects the values, beliefs, and experiences of a community, serving as a visual record of its history. Through art, people can connect with their cultural roots, share their stories, and foster a sense of pride and belonging. Art also facilitates cross-cultural understanding and appreciation, enriching the global cultural landscape.

Band 9 Vocabulary

Mesmerizing
Intricate
Profound impact
Innovative techniques
Cultural heritage
Abstract concepts
Interpretive nature
Preservation efforts
Contemporary issues
Cross-cultural understanding

IELTS Speaking 2024, Part 2 Exam Cards

Card 1. Describe your favorite place in your house where you can relax

Card 2. Describe a time when you missed or were late for an important meeting/event

Card 3. Describe a piece of art (modern or traditional) that you like.

Essay 13. The media plays a significant role in shaping public opinion. What are the positive and negative effects of this influence?

Version 1

The media is a powerful tool that plays a pivotal role in shaping public opinion. From news outlets to social media platforms, the information disseminated by the media can significantly influence people’s perceptions and attitudes. This essay will explore both the positive and negative effects of this influence, highlighting how it can inform and educate the public as well as potentially mislead and manipulate them.

On the positive side, the media serves as an essential source of information and education. By providing timely and accurate news, it helps keep the public informed about current events, political developments, and social issues. For instance, during the COVID-19 pandemic, media outlets played a crucial role in disseminating information about safety measures, vaccination drives, and government policies. This not only educated the public but also fostered a sense of collective responsibility and awareness.

Furthermore, the media can promote social change by bringing attention to important issues. Investigative journalism, for example, can uncover corruption, human rights abuses, and environmental issues, prompting public outrage and demands for action. The MeToo movement is a prime example of how media coverage can amplify voices and lead to significant societal shifts. In this way, the media acts as a watchdog, holding those in power accountable and advocating for justice.

However, there are also negative aspects to the media’s influence on public opinion. One major concern is the spread of misinformation and fake news. With the rise of social media, unverified and misleading information can spread rapidly, creating confusion and fear among the public. For example, during elections, false news stories can influence voters’ decisions and undermine the democratic process. This highlights the need for media literacy and critical thinking skills to discern credible sources from unreliable ones.

Another negative effect is the potential for media to manipulate public opinion through biased reporting. Media outlets, often driven by political or corporate interests, may present news in a way that supports a particular agenda. This can lead to a polarized society where people are divided based on the information they consume. For instance, biased coverage of political events can reinforce existing prejudices and hinder constructive dialogue, exacerbating social tensions.

In conclusion, the media wields significant power in shaping public opinion, with both positive and negative consequences. While it can inform, educate, and drive social change, it can also mislead, manipulate, and polarize the public. Therefore, it is crucial for media consumers to develop critical thinking skills and for media organizations to adhere to ethical standards to ensure that their influence is both responsible and beneficial.

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Glossary for Band 9 Vocabulary

1. Pivotal: Of crucial importance in relation to the development or success of something else.

2. Disseminated: Spread or dispersed widely.

3. Perceptions: The way in which something is regarded, understood, or interpreted.

4. Timely: Done or occurring at a favorable or useful time; opportune.

5. Collective responsibility: The concept that all members of a group are responsible for the actions and outcomes of the group.

6. Investigative journalism: In-depth reporting to uncover the truth about a particular subject, often involving crime or corruption.

7. Amplify: Increase the volume or intensity of something.

8. Watchdog: A person or group that monitors the actions of another to ensure they are conducted ethically and legally.

9. Misinformation: False or inaccurate information, especially that which is deliberately intended to deceive.

10. Media literacy: The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media in a variety of forms.

11. Critical thinking: The objective analysis and evaluation of an issue to form a judgment.

12. Unverified: Not confirmed as true or accurate.

13. Polarized: Divided into two sharply contrasting groups or sets of opinions or beliefs.

14. Bias: Inclination or prejudice for or against one person or group, especially in a way considered to be unfair.

15. Agenda: A list of items to be discussed at a formal meeting or a plan of things to be done.

16. Prejudices: Preconceived opinions not based on reason or actual experience.

17. Constructive dialogue: Positive and productive conversation aimed at resolving issues or understanding different perspectives.

18. Exacerbating: Making a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling worse.

19. Ethical standards: Guidelines that dictate what is morally right or wrong in professional conduct.

Version 2

The media wields substantial influence over public opinion, acting as both an informant and a manipulator. The omnipresence of media in our daily lives means that its impact is far-reaching and multifaceted. This essay will explore the dual nature of media influence, highlighting its capacity to educate and unite, while also examining its potential to distort reality and exacerbate societal divisions.

On the positive side, the media serves as a crucial conduit for disseminating information and fostering public awareness. By reporting on global events, scientific discoveries, and policy changes, the media educates the populace, enabling informed decision-making. For example, the widespread coverage of climate change has heightened public awareness and spurred collective action towards environmental sustainability. The media’s role in illuminating pressing issues ensures that citizens remain knowledgeable and engaged in societal discourse.

Furthermore, the media can act as a unifying force, bringing people together around shared interests and common causes. Coverage of humanitarian crises, for instance, often garners international support and mobilizes resources for relief efforts. The media’s ability to humanize distant suffering fosters empathy and solidarity, transcending geographical and cultural barriers. This collective consciousness can lead to concerted efforts in addressing global challenges, such as poverty, disease, and natural disasters.

However, the media’s influence is not without its pitfalls. One significant concern is the proliferation of misinformation and sensationalism. In the age of social media, unverified information can spread like wildfire, creating panic and confusion. For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the dissemination of false information about treatments and vaccines undermined public trust in health authorities and complicated efforts to control the virus. This underscores the need for stringent fact-checking and responsible journalism to mitigate the spread of falsehoods.

Moreover, the media can perpetuate biases and deepen societal divisions through selective reporting and framing. Media outlets often present news through the lens of their political affiliations or corporate interests, leading to skewed perceptions of reality. For instance, polarized coverage of political events can entrench ideological divides, making constructive dialogue and compromise more challenging. The echo chamber effect, where individuals are only exposed to information that reinforces their existing beliefs, further exacerbates this issue, fostering a fragmented society.

In summary, the media’s role in shaping public opinion is a double-edged sword. While it has the power to inform, educate, and unite, it also possesses the potential to mislead, sensationalize, and divide. Therefore, it is imperative for media consumers to critically evaluate the information they encounter and for media organizations to adhere to high ethical standards. Only through a balanced and responsible approach can the media fulfill its role as a positive force in society.

Glossary for Band 9 Vocabulary

1. Omnipresence: The state of being widespread or constantly encountered.

2. Multifaceted: Having many aspects or sides.

3. Conduit: A means by which something is transmitted or conveyed.

4. Disseminating: Spreading widely, especially information.

5. Populace: The people living in a particular country or area.

6. Heightened: Made more intense or acute.

7. Sustainability: The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level, especially without causing damage to the environment.

8. Illuminating: Clarifying or explaining something.

9. Humanitarian crises: Situations in which there is widespread human suffering, often requiring large-scale assistance.

10. Empathy: The ability to understand and share the feelings of another.

11. Solidarity: Unity or agreement of feeling or action among individuals with a common interest.

12. Concerted: Jointly arranged or carried out; coordinated.

13. Sensationalism: The use of exciting or shocking stories or language to provoke public interest.

14. Proliferation: Rapid increase in numbers.

15. Stringent: Strict, precise, and exacting.

16. Perpetuate: To make something continue indefinitely.

17. Biases: Prejudices in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another.

18. Selective reporting: The act of presenting only certain facts or aspects of a story.

19. Skewed: Distorted or biased.

20. Entrench: To establish something so firmly that change is very difficult or unlikely.

21. Ideological divides: Deep differences in beliefs or values, especially political.

22. Echo chamber effect: A situation in which beliefs are amplified or reinforced by communication and repetition inside a closed system.

23. Fragmented: Broken into separate parts; disorganized.

Version 3

The media, in its myriad forms, wields considerable influence over public opinion. Its omnipresence in modern life means that its impact can be both profound and pervasive. This essay will examine the dual-edged nature of media influence, highlighting its ability to educate and mobilize the public, as well as its capacity to distort perceptions and exacerbate societal rifts.

To start with, the media plays an instrumental role in educating the public. By providing timely updates and in-depth analyses, it helps individuals stay informed about global and local events. For instance, comprehensive coverage of the Syrian refugee crisis has raised global awareness, prompting international aid and policy interventions. The media’s educational function extends beyond current events to encompass science, health, and technology, thereby fostering a more informed and enlightened populace.

Moreover, the media can act as a catalyst for social mobilization. Investigative journalism often sheds light on issues that may otherwise remain hidden, galvanizing public action. For example, the exposés on systemic racism and police brutality in the United States have sparked widespread protests and calls for reform. Through its ability to spotlight injustices and galvanize movements, the media can drive significant societal change and promote accountability.

However, the media’s influence is not without its drawbacks. One major concern is the propagation of misinformation. The rapid dissemination of false or misleading information can create widespread panic and confusion. For example, during the Ebola outbreak, sensationalist media reports led to unnecessary fear and stigma against affected communities. This underscores the importance of responsible journalism and the need for media consumers to critically evaluate the information they encounter.

Furthermore, the media can perpetuate biases and deepen societal divisions. Media outlets often exhibit partisan bias, shaping narratives that align with specific political or ideological agendas. For instance, differing portrayals of immigration in liberal versus conservative media can polarize public opinion, leading to increased social fragmentation. The echo chamber effect, where individuals are exposed only to viewpoints that reinforce their existing beliefs, further exacerbates these divisions and hinders constructive dialogue.

Ultimately, the media’s influence on public opinion is multifaceted, encompassing both beneficial and detrimental effects. Despite its capacity to inform and inspire collective action, it also harbors the risk of spreading misinformation and fostering division. Thus, it is imperative for media professionals to maintain ethical standards, and for the audience to approach media consumption with a critical mindset. A balanced and judicious engagement with media is essential for it to function as a positive force in society.

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Glossary for Band 9 Vocabulary

1. Myriad: A countless or extremely great number.

2. Omnipresence: The state of being widespread or constantly encountered.

3. Profound: Very great or intense.

4. Pervasive: Spreading widely throughout an area or a group of people.

5. Dual-edged: Having two contrasting aspects, both positive and negative.

6. Instrumental: Serving as a means of pursuing an aim or policy.

7. Comprehensive: Complete and including all or nearly all elements or aspects.

8. Populace: The people living in a particular country or area.

9. Catalyst: Something that causes activity between two or more persons or forces without itself being affected.

10. Galvanizing: Shocking or exciting someone into taking action.

11. Exposés: Reports of facts about something, especially a journalistic report that reveals something scandalous.

12. Propagation: The spreading of something (especially information) widely.

13. Dissemination: The act of spreading something, especially information, widely.

14. Sensationalist: Presenting stories in a way that is intended to provoke public interest or excitement, at the expense of accuracy.

15. Stigma: A mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person.

16. Perpetuate: To make something (typically an undesirable situation or an unfounded belief) continue indefinitely.

17. Partisan: Prejudiced in favor of a particular cause.

18. Narratives: A spoken or written account of connected events; a story.

19. Fragmentation: The process or state of breaking or being broken into small or separate parts.

20. Echo chamber effect: A situation in which beliefs are amplified or reinforced by communication and repetition inside a closed system.

21. Constructive dialogue: Positive and productive conversation aimed at resolving issues or understanding different perspectives.

22. Multifaceted: Having many aspects or sides.

23. Repercussions: Unintended consequences of an event or action, especially unwelcome ones.

24. Discerning: Having or showing good judgment.

Card 43; IELTS Speaking practice: Perfect band 9 answer for part 2 and part 3 cue card on a time when you tried a new food for the first time.

Describe a time when you tried a new food for the first time.

One memorable time when I tried a new food for the first time was during a trip to Thailand. The food I tried was a traditional Thai dish called “som tam,” which is a spicy green papaya salad.

I tried it at a local street market in Bangkok, renowned for its vibrant food stalls and diverse culinary offerings. The atmosphere was bustling, with the enticing aroma of various street foods filling the air. I was with a group of friends who were also eager to explore the local cuisine.

I felt a mix of excitement and apprehension about trying som tam. I had heard about its distinctive flavor profile, which combines spicy, sour, sweet, and salty tastes, but I was unsure how my palate would respond to such a bold combination. When I took my first bite, the explosion of flavors was both surprising and delightful. The crunchiness of the green papaya, the heat from the chilies, the tanginess of the lime, and the subtle sweetness from the palm sugar created a harmonious blend that was unlike anything I had tasted before.

I would definitely eat som tam again. It was a refreshing and invigorating dish that left a lasting impression on me. The experience of trying it in its authentic setting made it even more special, and it opened my eyes to the rich and complex flavors of Thai cuisine.

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Part 3

1. Why do people like to try new foods?

People like to try new foods for various reasons, including curiosity, the desire for new experiences, and the opportunity to expand their culinary horizons. Trying new foods can also be a way to connect with different cultures and traditions. For many, it is an adventure that stimulates the senses and breaks the monotony of their regular diet.

2. How can trying new foods benefit people?

Trying new foods can benefit people by enhancing their appreciation for different cultures and cuisines. It can introduce them to a variety of nutrients and flavors, promoting a more balanced and diverse diet. Additionally, it can make dining experiences more enjoyable and foster a sense of culinary adventure. Exploring new foods can also encourage social interactions and bonding over shared meals.

3. What are some popular foods in your country?

In Azerbaijan, some popular foods include “plov” (a fragrant rice dish often served with meat and vegetables), “dolma” (grape leaves stuffed with minced meat and rice), “kebabs” (grilled meat skewers), and “lavash” (a traditional flatbread). Azerbaijani cuisine is known for its rich flavors and use of fresh, local ingredients. Sweets like “baklava” and “shekerbura” are also widely enjoyed, especially during festive occasions.

4. How do cultural backgrounds influence people’s food preferences?

Cultural backgrounds significantly influence people’s food preferences by shaping their tastes, dietary habits, and cooking methods. Traditional foods and family recipes often hold sentimental value and are passed down through generations. Cultural practices, religious beliefs, and regional availability of ingredients also play a role in determining what people eat and how they prepare their meals. These influences create a sense of identity and continuity within a culture.

5. Do you think people are becoming more adventurous with their food choices? Why or why not?

Yes, I believe people are becoming more adventurous with their food choices. Globalization, increased travel, and the widespread availability of international cuisines have exposed people to a broader range of foods. Social media and food shows have also played a significant role in encouraging culinary exploration by showcasing diverse dishes from around the world. As people become more open to trying new things, their willingness to experiment with different foods has grown.

6. How has globalization impacted the way people eat?

Globalization has profoundly impacted the way people eat by making a wide variety of international foods accessible. It has facilitated the exchange of culinary traditions and ingredients across borders, leading to the fusion of different cuisines. Supermarkets and restaurants now offer a diverse range of foods from all over the world, allowing people to experience global flavors without leaving their hometowns. However, globalization has also led to the homogenization of diets, with some traditional foods and practices being overshadowed by global food trends.

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Glossary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Memorable – Worth remembering or easily remembered

2. Bustling – Full of energetic and noisy activity

3. Apprehension – Anxiety or fear that something bad or unpleasant will happen

4. Distinctive – Characteristic of one person or thing, and so serving to distinguish it from others

5. Palate – A person’s ability to distinguish between and appreciate different flavors in food and drink

6. Harmonious – Forming a pleasing or consistent whole

7. Culinary horizons – The range or scope of a person’s experiences with different types of food

8. Stimulates – Raises levels of physiological or nervous activity in (the body or any biological system)

9. Monotony – Lack of variety and interest; tedious repetition and routine

10. Nutrients – Substances that provide nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life

11. Sentimental value – The importance of something based on its emotional association rather than its monetary worth

12. Homogenization – The process of making things uniform or similar

Card 42; IELTS Speaking practice: Perfect band 9 answer for part 2 and part 3 cue card on a difficult decision you made that had a positive outcome.

Describe a difficult decision you made that had a positive outcome.

One difficult decision I made that had a positive outcome was deciding to pursue a Master’s degree in Education while maintaining my full-time job as an English lecturer. Balancing work and further studies was a challenging prospect, but I believed it was necessary for my professional growth.

This decision was difficult because it required a significant commitment of time, energy, and financial resources. I knew that juggling the responsibilities of my job with the demands of a rigorous academic program would be exhausting and stressful. Additionally, there was the fear of not being able to perform well in either area due to the divided focus.

To make this decision, I created a detailed plan outlining how I would manage my time and responsibilities. I sought advice from colleagues who had pursued similar paths and discussed it with my family to ensure I had their support. After weighing the pros and cons and considering my long-term career goals, I decided to enroll in the program.

The positive outcome of this decision was multifaceted. I successfully completed my Master’s degree, which enhanced my knowledge and skills in education. This accomplishment opened up new career opportunities, allowing me to take on more challenging and rewarding roles within the university. It also boosted my confidence and provided a sense of personal achievement.

Reflecting on this decision, I felt a deep sense of satisfaction and pride. Although it was a challenging period, the experience taught me valuable lessons in time management, perseverance, and resilience. The support I received from my family and colleagues was instrumental in my success, reinforcing the importance of having a strong support system when making difficult decisions.

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Part 3

1. What are the key factors in making difficult decisions?

Key factors in making difficult decisions include evaluating the potential risks and benefits, considering long-term goals, and seeking advice from trusted individuals. It’s also important to assess the feasibility of the decision and consider the emotional and financial implications. Being clear about one’s values and priorities can guide the decision-making process and help ensure that the choice aligns with personal and professional aspirations.

2. How do people typically deal with the stress of making tough choices?

People typically deal with the stress of making tough choices by seeking support from friends, family, or mentors. They may also use stress management techniques such as mindfulness, exercise, and relaxation exercises to maintain their mental well-being. Breaking the decision down into smaller, manageable steps can make it less overwhelming. Additionally, gathering as much information as possible can help reduce uncertainty and build confidence in the decision-making process.

3. What are some examples of difficult decisions that people face in their daily lives?

Examples of difficult decisions people face in their daily lives include career changes, relocating for a job, financial investments, and major purchases like buying a home or car. Personal decisions, such as ending or committing to a relationship, choosing the right school for children, or addressing health-related issues, can also be challenging. Balancing work-life demands and making ethical choices in professional settings are other common difficult decisions.

4. How can past experiences influence decision-making?

Past experiences can greatly influence decision-making by providing a reference point and lessons learned from previous choices. Positive outcomes from past decisions can build confidence, while negative experiences can serve as cautionary tales, helping individuals avoid similar pitfalls. Experiences shape one’s judgment, preferences, and risk tolerance, often leading to more informed and thoughtful decisions over time.

5. What role do emotions play in making decisions?

Emotions play a significant role in making decisions as they can affect judgment, motivation, and risk perception. Positive emotions like excitement and confidence can encourage taking bold steps, while negative emotions like fear and anxiety might lead to caution or indecision. It’s important to recognize and manage emotions to ensure they inform but do not dominate the decision-making process, allowing for a balanced approach that considers both rational and emotional factors.

6. Can difficult decisions lead to personal growth? How?

Yes, difficult decisions can lead to personal growth by pushing individuals out of their comfort zones and challenging them to develop new skills and perspectives. Facing and overcoming challenges builds resilience, self-confidence, and problem-solving abilities. Difficult decisions often involve significant learning experiences, fostering adaptability and a deeper understanding of oneself and one’s values. These experiences can enhance personal and professional development, leading to greater fulfillment and success.

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Glossary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Commitment – A pledge or undertaking

2. Exhausting – Making one feel very tired; very tiring

3. Juggling – Managing multiple tasks or responsibilities simultaneously

4. Multifacted – Having many aspects or sides

5. Perseverance – Persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success

6. Resilience – The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness

7. Feasibility – The state or degree of being easily or conveniently done

8. Aspirations – A hope or ambition of achieving something

9. Stress management techniques – Methods to control a person’s level of stress

10. Mindfulness – A mental state achieved by focusing one’s awareness on the present moment

11. Reference point – A basis or standard for evaluation, assessment, or comparison

12. Risk perception – An individual’s assessment of how their choices might lead to adverse outcomes

13. Adaptability – The quality of being able to adjust to new conditions

Card 41; IELTS Speaking practice: Perfect band 9 answer for part 2 and part 3 cue card on a time when you gave someone a gift.

Describe a time when you gave someone a gift.

One memorable time when I gave someone a gift was on my son Atila’s birthday last year. I wanted to give him something special that he would cherish and remember for a long time. After much thought, I decided to gift him a high-quality bicycle.

I chose this gift because Atila had shown a keen interest in cycling. He often talked about his friends who had bicycles and expressed his desire to explore the outdoors on two wheels. I wanted to encourage his enthusiasm for physical activity and provide him with a means to enjoy the beautiful landscapes around our home.

When I presented the bicycle to Atila, his reaction was priceless. His eyes lit up with excitement, and he couldn’t stop smiling. He immediately wanted to try it out, and we spent the rest of the day cycling around our neighborhood. His joy and gratitude were evident, and it was heartwarming to see how much the gift meant to him.

I felt a profound sense of happiness and fulfillment from giving this gift. Seeing Atila’s excitement and knowing that I had given him something that would bring him joy and encourage a healthy lifestyle was incredibly rewarding. It reinforced the joy of giving and the importance of thoughtful gift-giving, as it strengthened our bond and created a wonderful memory.

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Part 3

1. Why is giving gifts important?

Giving gifts is important because it helps to express love, appreciation, and gratitude. It strengthens relationships by showing that we care about the recipient’s happiness and well-being. Gift-giving also fosters a sense of connection and mutual respect, enhancing social bonds and creating lasting memories.

2. What are some common occasions for giving gifts in your country?

In my country, common occasions for giving gifts include birthdays, weddings, anniversaries, and holidays such as Novruz Bayram and New Year. People also give gifts to celebrate milestones like graduations, promotions, and the birth of a child. Additionally, gifts are often exchanged during religious festivals and cultural celebrations.

3. How do people choose the right gift for someone?

People choose the right gift for someone by considering the recipient’s interests, preferences, and needs. They often think about what would make the person happy or what they might find useful. Observing the recipient’s hobbies and listening to their wishes can provide valuable clues. Personalizing the gift or selecting something meaningful can also make it more special.

4. What are the differences between giving gifts to friends and family versus colleagues?

Giving gifts to friends and family tends to be more personal and sentimental. These gifts often reflect a deep understanding of the recipient’s tastes and preferences. In contrast, gifts to colleagues are usually more formal and appropriate for the workplace. They might include items like stationery, books, or gift cards. The intention behind these gifts is often to show appreciation and maintain professional relationships rather than expressing deep emotional connections.

5. Do you think the value of a gift is important? Why or why not?

The value of a gift is not necessarily important; what matters more is the thought and effort put into choosing it. A meaningful gift that shows consideration for the recipient’s preferences and needs can have a much greater impact than an expensive but impersonal one. The sentiment behind the gift is what makes it special and appreciated.

6. How have gift-giving traditions changed over time?

Gift-giving traditions have evolved with cultural and societal changes. In the past, gifts were often handmade and had a practical or symbolic value. Today, with increased consumerism and globalization, there is a wider variety of gifts available, and people often purchase items that reflect modern tastes and trends. The advent of online shopping has also made it easier to find and send gifts, sometimes reducing the personal touch involved in the selection process. However, the underlying principles of showing appreciation and strengthening relationships through gift-giving remain unchanged.

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Glossary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Memorable – Worth remembering or easily remembered

2. Cherish – To hold something dear; to appreciate and value

3. Enthusiasm – Intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval

4. Priceless – So precious that its value cannot be determined

5. Heartwarming – Emotionally rewarding or uplifting

6. Fulfillment – The achievement of something desired, promised, or predicted

7. Foster – To encourage or promote the development of something

8. Milestones – Significant stages or events in the development of something

9. Sentimental – Of or prompted by feelings of tenderness, sadness, or nostalgia

10. Consumerism – The protection or promotion of the interests of consumers

11. Globalization – The process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale

12. Symbolic value – The importance or meaning that an object represents beyond its physical or monetary value

Card 40; IELTS Speaking practice: Perfect band 9 answer for part 2 and part 3 cue card on a special meal you have had.

Describe a special meal you have had.

One of the most special meals I have had was a dinner at a quaint seaside restaurant in Baku, Azerbaijan. This memorable occasion took place about three years ago, during a family reunion that brought together relatives from different parts of the country and even from abroad.

I was with my immediate family, including my wife and son, as well as my parents, siblings, and a few cousins. The atmosphere was filled with joy and excitement, as we rarely had the opportunity to all be together in one place.

The meal itself was a delightful spread of traditional Azerbaijani dishes. We started with an array of appetizers, including fresh salads, pickled vegetables, and “plov,” a rich and aromatic rice dish. For the main course, we enjoyed “dolma” (grape leaves stuffed with minced meat and rice), “kebabs” of various kinds, and freshly baked “lavash” bread. The meal was accompanied by fragrant tea and ended with a selection of traditional desserts such as “baklava” and “shekerbura.”

This meal was special for several reasons. Firstly, it was a rare occasion to have our entire family together, sharing stories, laughter, and the warmth of each other’s company. The setting, with the gentle sound of waves and a stunning sunset over the Caspian Sea, added to the magic of the evening. The delicious food, prepared with care and reflecting our rich cultural heritage, made the experience even more memorable.

I felt a profound sense of happiness and gratitude during this meal. It was a reminder of the importance of family and the joy of celebrating together. The combination of beautiful surroundings, delectable food, and cherished company made it a truly unforgettable experience.

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Part 3

1. What are the benefits of eating meals together with family or friends?

Eating meals together with family or friends offers numerous benefits. It strengthens social bonds and fosters a sense of community and belonging. Shared meals provide an opportunity for meaningful conversations and the exchange of ideas, enhancing communication and understanding. They also create a supportive environment where individuals can relax, share their experiences, and build stronger relationships. Additionally, communal eating has been linked to improved mental health and emotional well-being.

2. How can food bring people together?

Food can bring people together by serving as a common ground for shared experiences and cultural expression. It provides a platform for social interaction, whether through family dinners, community gatherings, or festive celebrations. Sharing a meal allows individuals to connect on a personal level, build relationships, and create lasting memories. Food also plays a central role in cultural and religious traditions, reinforcing communal ties and a sense of identity.

3. Do you think traditional foods are important for cultural identity? Why or why not?

Yes, traditional foods are important for cultural identity because they preserve the culinary heritage and history of a community. They reflect the unique flavors, ingredients, and cooking methods that have been passed down through generations. Traditional foods often carry symbolic meanings and are integral to cultural rituals and celebrations. By maintaining and sharing these foods, individuals reinforce their cultural identity and connect with their roots, fostering a sense of pride and continuity.

4. How has the way people eat changed over time?

The way people eat has changed significantly over time due to various factors such as technological advancements, globalization, and changing lifestyles. There has been a shift from home-cooked meals to convenience foods and dining out. The rise of fast food and ready-to-eat products has altered eating habits, often prioritizing convenience over nutrition. Additionally, the globalization of cuisine has introduced diverse food options, blending culinary traditions from around the world. Advances in technology have also made it easier to order food online and have it delivered, changing the dynamics of meal preparation and consumption.

5. What role do restaurants play in social life?

Restaurants play a crucial role in social life by providing a space for people to gather, celebrate, and connect. They serve as venues for socializing, hosting special occasions, and meeting new people. Restaurants also contribute to the cultural fabric of a community by offering diverse culinary experiences and showcasing local and international cuisine. They create opportunities for social interaction and foster a sense of community and belonging.

6. How can people make healthy eating choices?

People can make healthy eating choices by being mindful of their food intake and opting for a balanced diet rich in nutrients. This includes incorporating a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats into their meals. Reading nutrition labels, controlling portion sizes, and limiting the intake of processed and high-sugar foods are also important. Planning meals ahead of time, cooking at home, and staying hydrated can further support healthy eating habits. Additionally, seeking guidance from nutritionists or health professionals can provide personalized advice and support for making healthier choices.

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Glossary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Quaint – Attractively unusual or old-fashioned

2. Reunion – A social gathering attended by members of a group of people who have not seen each other for some time

3. Delectable – Delicious, highly enjoyable

4. Culinary heritage – The tradition of cooking and eating practices passed down through generations

5. Communal eating – Sharing a meal together with others

6. Nutrients – Substances that provide nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life

7. Portion sizes – The amount of food served for a single person

8. Hydrated – Having enough water in the body; maintaining adequate fluid balance

9. Personalized advice – Tailored recommendations based on an individual’s specific needs or circumstances

10. Convenience foods – Food that is prepared commercially and requires little cooking before being eaten

Card 39; IELTS Speaking practice: Perfect band 9 answer for part 2 and part 3 cue card on a sport you like to watch or play.

Describe a sport you like to watch or play.

One sport that I particularly enjoy watching and playing is football (soccer). Football has always been a significant part of my life, and I find it to be an exciting and engaging sport.

I first became interested in football when I was a child. Growing up, my father and I would watch matches together, and he would often take me to local games. His enthusiasm for the sport was contagious, and I quickly developed a passion for it. Playing football with friends in the neighborhood and at school further fueled my interest.

I enjoy football for several reasons. Firstly, it is a dynamic and fast-paced game that requires both physical and mental skills. The strategies involved, the teamwork required, and the sheer excitement of watching or playing a well-executed match are incredibly appealing. The sport also has a rich history and a global following, which makes it even more fascinating.

I watch football regularly, particularly the major leagues and international tournaments. I also play football whenever I get the chance, usually with friends or in local community leagues. Playing football provides a great workout and is a fun way to stay active and socialize.

Football has a significant impact on my life. It helps me stay fit and healthy, and it serves as a great stress reliever. The camaraderie and friendships formed through playing football are invaluable. Watching matches is also a way for me to relax and unwind, and it provides common ground for conversations with friends and colleagues who share the same interest.

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Part 3

1. Why do people enjoy watching sports?

People enjoy watching sports for various reasons. Sports provide excitement and entertainment, offering a break from the routine and an opportunity to witness incredible athletic feats. Watching sports can also evoke strong emotions, from the thrill of victory to the agony of defeat. Additionally, sports can foster a sense of community and belonging, as fans unite to support their favorite teams and athletes.

2. What are the benefits of playing sports?

Playing sports offers numerous benefits, including physical fitness, improved health, and enhanced mental well-being. Sports help develop coordination, strength, and endurance. They also promote teamwork, discipline, and leadership skills. Engaging in sports can reduce stress, boost self-esteem, and provide a sense of accomplishment. Socially, sports create opportunities for making new friends and building strong community ties.

3. How can sports bring people together?

Sports can bring people together by creating shared experiences and fostering a sense of unity. Fans often come together to support their favorite teams, creating a strong sense of community and shared identity. Sports events can bridge cultural, social, and economic divides, allowing people from different backgrounds to connect and interact. Playing sports also encourages teamwork and cooperation, helping individuals form bonds and build relationships.

4. Do you think professional athletes are good role models? Why or why not?

Professional athletes can be good role models, but it depends on their behavior both on and off the field. Many athletes demonstrate dedication, hard work, and perseverance, which are admirable qualities. They can inspire young people to pursue their goals and lead healthy, active lifestyles. However, some athletes may exhibit negative behavior, such as poor sportsmanship or off-field controversies, which can diminish their role model status. It’s important to recognize that athletes are human and have flaws like anyone else.

5. How has the commercialization of sports affected the way they are played and viewed?

The commercialization of sports has significantly affected the way they are played and viewed. On one hand, it has brought substantial financial investment, leading to better facilities, higher salaries for athletes, and more professional management of sports organizations. This has increased the overall quality and visibility of sports. On the other hand, commercialization can lead to an overemphasis on profit, sometimes at the expense of the sport’s integrity. It can also result in the commodification of athletes and a focus on entertainment value over athletic achievement.

6. Should schools encourage students to participate in sports? Why or why not?

Yes, schools should encourage students to participate in sports because it offers numerous benefits. Sports participation promotes physical health and fitness, helping to combat obesity and related health issues. It also teaches valuable life skills such as teamwork, leadership, and discipline. Sports can enhance academic performance by improving concentration and reducing stress. Additionally, participating in sports can boost students’ confidence and social skills, contributing to their overall development.

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Glossary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Dynamic – Characterized by constant change, activity, or progress

2. Contagious – Likely to spread or influence others in a rapid manner

3. Camaraderie – Mutual trust and friendship among people who spend a lot of time together

4. Athletic feats – Impressive physical accomplishments

5. Thrill of victory – The excitement and joy that comes from winning

6. Agony of defeat – The disappointment and sadness that comes from losing

7. Coordination – The ability to use different parts of the body together smoothly and efficiently

8. Endurance – The ability to sustain prolonged physical or mental effort

9. Perseverance – Persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success

10. Poor sportsmanship – Inappropriate or unethical behavior in sports

11. Commodification – The process of turning something into a product that can be bought and sold

12. Integrity – The quality of being honest and having strong moral principles