Category: Speaking Part 1

1. Are there many old buildings in your city?

Yes, my city, Nakhchivan, is rich in historical architecture, featuring many old buildings that date back centuries. These structures reflect the city’s rich cultural heritage and historical significance.

2. Do you think old buildings are important? Why?

Absolutely, old buildings are crucial because they serve as tangible connections to our past, providing insight into the architectural styles, cultures, and histories of previous eras. They enrich the urban landscape and contribute to the city’s unique identity.

3. What are the benefits of preserving old buildings?

Preserving old buildings has numerous benefits, including maintaining cultural heritage, fostering tourism, and contributing to a city’s aesthetic appeal. It also promotes sustainability by reusing existing structures rather than constructing new ones from scratch.

4. Have you ever visited a famous old building? Which one?

Yes, I have visited the Mausoleum of Momine Khatun in Nakhchivan. It’s a renowned architectural marvel that showcases the intricate craftsmanship and historical significance of the region.

5. What do you think about the architectural style of old buildings?

I find the architectural style of old buildings fascinating. They often feature intricate designs, detailed craftsmanship, and unique materials that are rarely seen in modern construction. Each building tells a story and reflects the artistic and cultural values of its time.

6. How do you feel when you see an old building being renovated?

When I see an old building being renovated, I feel a sense of relief and satisfaction. Renovations mean that the structure is being preserved for future generations, allowing its historical and cultural significance to continue to be appreciated.

7. Do you prefer modern buildings or old buildings? Why?

I appreciate both modern and old buildings for different reasons. Modern buildings offer functionality, efficiency, and innovative design, while old buildings provide charm, historical context, and unique architectural details. My preference depends on the context and purpose of the building.

8. What can old buildings teach us about history and culture?

Old buildings serve as educational resources, offering insights into the lifestyles, technologies, and artistic expressions of past civilizations. They reflect the cultural and historical narratives of their time, helping us understand our heritage and identity.

9. How do old buildings compare to new buildings in terms of functionality?

In terms of functionality, new buildings generally offer more modern amenities, energy efficiency, and convenience. However, old buildings can be retrofitted with modern technologies while maintaining their historical charm. Each has its own strengths and challenges.

10. What role do old buildings play in attracting tourists?

Old buildings play a significant role in attracting tourists by offering unique historical and cultural experiences. They are often landmarks that draw visitors interested in exploring the heritage, architecture, and stories behind these structures, boosting the local economy.

 Vocabulary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Tangible connections – Physical links that can be touched or felt

2. Architectural styles – Distinctive methods of construction and design from different periods

3. Cultural heritage – The legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes inherited from past generations

4. Historical significance – The importance or value of something based on its history

5. Aesthetic appeal – The attractiveness or beauty of something

6. Sustainability – The ability to maintain or preserve resources without depleting them

7. Intricate designs – Complex and detailed patterns or structures

8. Craftsmanship – The skill and quality of making things by hand

9. Renovated – Restored to a good state of repair

10. Retrofitted – Added new technology or features to older systems

11. Amenities – Useful features or facilities of a building or place

12. Historical charm – The attractive qualities that come from a building’s history

13. Educational resources – Materials or assets used for teaching and learning

14. Cultural narratives – Stories and accounts that reflect a community’s culture

15. Boosting the local economy – Stimulating economic growth and activity in a local area

1. What hobbies do you have?

I have several hobbies, including cycling, reading, and learning new languages. These activities help me relax and recharge, as well as stimulate my mind.

2. How did you start your hobbies?

I started cycling when I was young, influenced by my love for outdoor activities. Reading has always been a passion of mine, cultivated from a young age by my parents who encouraged me to explore different genres. My interest in languages developed over time through my travels and interactions with people from diverse cultures.

3. How much time do you spend on your hobbies?

I try to dedicate at least a few hours each week to my hobbies. Cycling is usually a weekend activity, while I read and practice languages almost daily. Balancing these activities with work can be challenging, but I prioritize them as they bring me joy and relaxation.

4. Do you think having hobbies is important? Why?

Yes, having hobbies is very important. They provide a healthy outlet for stress, promote creativity, and enhance overall well-being. Hobbies also offer opportunities for personal growth and can foster social connections with others who share similar interests.

5. Have your hobbies changed over time?

Yes, my hobbies have evolved over time. As a child, I enjoyed playing sports and drawing. As I grew older, my interests shifted towards more intellectually stimulating activities like reading, language learning, and cycling, which also help me maintain physical fitness.

6. What hobbies are popular in your country?

In my country, popular hobbies include soccer, hiking, and traditional dance. Many people also enjoy activities like cooking, crafting, and gardening. These hobbies reflect our cultural values and the importance we place on community and outdoor activities.

7. How do you balance your hobbies with other responsibilities?

I balance my hobbies with other responsibilities by creating a structured schedule and setting aside specific times for each activity. Time management and prioritization are key. I also try to integrate my hobbies into my daily routine to ensure they don’t interfere with my work or personal commitments.

8. Have you ever taught someone else your hobby?

Yes, I have taught friends and family members how to cycle and have shared my passion for languages with students and colleagues. Teaching others is a rewarding experience that allows me to share my enthusiasm and knowledge while helping them develop new skills.

9. What hobby would you like to try in the future?

In the future, I would like to try pottery. It’s a creative and therapeutic activity that allows for hands-on expression. I am fascinated by the process of shaping and molding clay into functional or decorative items.

10. How do you feel when you engage in your hobbies?

Engaging in my hobbies makes me feel happy and fulfilled. They provide a sense of accomplishment and relaxation, helping me to de-stress and recharge. Hobbies also give me a break from routine tasks and allow me to explore my interests and passions.

 Vocabulary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Recharge – Restore energy or vigor

2. Stimulate – Encourage interest or activity in something

3. Cultivated – Developed or improved through education or training

4. Intellectually stimulating – Engaging the mind in thought or reflection

5. Healthy outlet – A positive way to release energy or emotions

6. Personal growth – The process of improving oneself through activities and experiences

7. Evolved – Developed gradually

8. Structured schedule – An organized and planned timetable

9. Time management – The ability to use one’s time effectively or productively

10. Therapeutic – Having a healing or calming effect

1. How often do you watch movies or TV series?

I watch movies or TV series several times a week, usually in the evenings or on weekends. It’s a great way to relax and unwind after a busy day.

2. What is your favorite movie or TV series? Why?

My favorite TV series is “Breaking Bad.” I love its complex characters, gripping plot, and the way it explores moral ambiguities. The writing and acting are superb, making it an unforgettable show.

3. Do you prefer watching movies at home or in the cinema? Why?

I prefer watching movies at home because it’s more convenient and comfortable. I can pause the movie if needed, choose my own snacks, and enjoy the film in a relaxed environment. However, I do appreciate the immersive experience of watching a movie in a cinema for special occasions.

4. How do you choose which movies or TV series to watch?

I choose movies or TV series based on recommendations from friends, reviews, and trailers. I also consider the genre and whether the plot or theme interests me. Sometimes, I follow the works of certain directors or actors that I admire.

5. Do you think movies and TV series influence people’s behavior? How?

Yes, movies and TV series can influence people’s behavior and attitudes. They can shape perceptions, inspire actions, and reflect cultural norms. Positive portrayals can promote empathy and understanding, while negative depictions can reinforce stereotypes or harmful behaviors.

6. Have you ever watched a movie or TV series that changed your perspective on something?

Yes, I watched the documentary series “Planet Earth,” which profoundly changed my perspective on environmental issues. It highlighted the beauty and fragility of our planet, motivating me to be more conscious about environmental conservation.

7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of streaming services?

The advantages of streaming services include convenience, a wide variety of content, and the ability to watch on multiple devices. They also allow for on-demand viewing, which is very flexible. However, disadvantages include subscription costs, the overwhelming choice of content, and the potential for binge-watching, which can be time-consuming.

8. How do you feel about binge-watching TV series?

Binge-watching can be enjoyable because it allows for deep immersion in a story. However, it can also lead to unhealthy habits, such as lack of sleep and reduced physical activity. Moderation is key to balancing entertainment with other aspects of life.

9. Do you prefer watching movies or TV series alone or with others? Why?

I enjoy both, depending on the situation. Watching alone allows me to fully immerse myself in the content and reflect on it. Watching with others, however, can be a social activity that leads to discussions and shared experiences, enhancing the enjoyment.

10. What kind of movies or TV series do you enjoy the most?

I enjoy a variety of genres, but my favorites are dramas, thrillers, and documentaries. I appreciate compelling storylines, strong character development, and themes that make me think or feel deeply.

 Vocabulary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Unwind – Relax after a period of work or tension

2. Moral ambiguities – Situations where the ethical course of action is unclear

3. Gripping plot – A storyline that is very exciting and holds your attention

4. Immersive – Providing, involving, or characterized by deep absorption or immersion

5. Empathy – The ability to understand and share the feelings of another

6. Conservation – The protection and preservation of the natural environment

7. On-demand viewing – The ability to watch something whenever you choose

8. Binge-watching – Watching multiple episodes of a TV series in one sitting

9. Moderation – The avoidance of excess or extremes

10. Compelling storylines – Plots that are powerful and irresistible

1. How often do you interact with older people?

I interact with older people regularly, both within my family and in my community. I often visit my elderly relatives and engage with older colleagues and neighbors. These interactions are enriching and provide valuable perspectives.

2. What do you think is the best way to respect older people?

The best way to respect older people is to listen to them attentively, value their opinions, and show appreciation for their contributions. Simple gestures of kindness, patience, and acknowledging their experiences and wisdom go a long way in showing respect.

3. Have you learned anything valuable from an older person?

Yes, I have learned many valuable lessons from older people, particularly from my grandparents. They have taught me the importance of resilience, patience, and hard work. Their life stories and experiences have provided me with profound insights and inspiration.

4. How do you feel about the aging population in your country?

I feel that the aging population in my country presents both challenges and opportunities. On one hand, there are concerns about healthcare and social support systems. On the other hand, older people bring a wealth of knowledge and experience that can benefit society in numerous ways.

5. What are some common problems older people face?

Older people commonly face problems such as health issues, mobility challenges, social isolation, and financial difficulties. They may also experience age-related discrimination and a lack of adequate support systems.

6. Do you think older people should live with their families or in retirement homes? Why?

Whether older people should live with their families or in retirement homes depends on individual circumstances. Living with family can provide emotional support and companionship, but retirement homes can offer specialized care and a community of peers. The decision should be based on the needs and preferences of the elderly person.

7. How can society help improve the lives of older people?

Society can improve the lives of older people by providing better healthcare services, ensuring accessible public spaces, and offering social and recreational activities. Promoting intergenerational programs and raising awareness about the challenges faced by the elderly can also foster a more inclusive environment.

8. What role do older people play in your community?

Older people play a vital role in my community by serving as mentors, volunteers, and custodians of cultural heritage. They contribute their time and wisdom to community projects, support younger generations, and help preserve traditions and values.

9. How do you think the treatment of older people has changed over time?

The treatment of older people has evolved over time, with a growing recognition of their rights and contributions. While traditional societies often revered elders, modern societies are increasingly focused on ensuring their well-being through policies and services. However, challenges such as ageism still need to be addressed.

10. Do you enjoy spending time with older people? Why or why not?

Yes, I enjoy spending time with older people because they offer unique perspectives and a wealth of knowledge. Conversations with them are often enlightening and provide a deeper understanding of life. Their stories and experiences are fascinating, and their presence is comforting.

 Vocabulary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Enriching – Improving or enhancing the quality of something

2. Attentively – With careful attention or focus

3. Contributions – Something given or added to help a cause

4. Resilience – The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties

5. Profound – Very great or intense

6. Wealth of knowledge – A large amount of valuable information or understanding

7. Social isolation – The state of being separated from others

8. Age-related discrimination – Unfair treatment based on a person’s age

9. Specialized care – Medical or health care tailored to specific needs

10. Inclusive environment – An environment that includes and supports all individuals

11. Custodians – People who are responsible for maintaining and protecting something

12. Intergenerational programs – Initiatives that involve multiple generations interacting and working together

13. Ageism – Prejudice or discrimination on the grounds of a person’s age

14. Enlightening – Giving greater knowledge and understanding about a subject or situation

15. Comforting – Providing physical ease and relaxation

1. Do you live in a house or an apartment?

I live in an apartment. It is conveniently located close to my workplace and provides all the amenities I need.

2. What is your favorite room in your home? Why?

My favorite room in my home is the living room. It’s a cozy space where I can relax, read, watch TV, and entertain guests. The large windows also provide plenty of natural light, making it a pleasant place to spend time.

3. How do you decorate your home?

I decorate my home with a mix of modern and traditional elements. I enjoy adding personal touches like artwork, family photos, and souvenirs from my travels. I also use a combination of comfortable furniture and colorful textiles to create a warm and inviting atmosphere.

4. Do you prefer living in a house or an apartment? Why?

I prefer living in an apartment because it’s easier to maintain and often comes with amenities like security and maintenance services. Apartments also tend to be more centrally located, which is convenient for my lifestyle.

5. How important is it for you to have a comfortable home?

Having a comfortable home is very important to me. It’s a place where I can unwind after a busy day and feel at ease. A comfortable home enhances my well-being and provides a sanctuary where I can recharge.

6. What changes would you like to make to your current home?

I would like to make a few changes to my current home, such as updating the kitchen with modern appliances and creating more storage space. I’d also love to add some greenery by incorporating indoor plants to improve the ambiance.

7. Have you ever lived in a different type of accommodation? How was it?

Yes, I have lived in a house before. It was a nice experience, especially because of the extra space and having a garden. However, maintaining a house required more effort and time compared to living in an apartment.

8. How do you feel about the neighborhood you live in?

I feel quite positive about the neighborhood I live in. It is safe, quiet, and has all the necessary amenities nearby, including shops, parks, and public transportation. The community is friendly and welcoming, which adds to the overall appeal.

9. What are the advantages and disadvantages of your current accommodation?

The advantages of my current accommodation include its convenient location, security, and the lower maintenance required. However, the disadvantages include less privacy compared to living in a house and limited outdoor space.

10. How does your home reflect your personality?

My home reflects my personality through its eclectic mix of decorations and personal touches. The combination of modern and traditional elements shows my appreciation for both contemporary and cultural aspects. The cozy and inviting atmosphere mirrors my desire for a comfortable and welcoming environment.

 Vocabulary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Amenities – Useful features or facilities of a building or place

2. Cozy – Comfortable, warm, and inviting

3. Natural light – Light that comes from the sun

4. Textiles – Types of cloth or woven fabric

5. Centrally located – Situated in a central position, making it easy to access other parts of the city

6. Sanctuary – A place of refuge or safety

7. Ambiance – The character and atmosphere of a place

8. Maintenance – The process of keeping something in good condition

9. Eclectic – Deriving ideas, style, or taste from a broad and diverse range of sources

10. Contemporary – Belonging to or occurring in the present

1. Can you describe your hometown?

My hometown, Nakhchivan, is a beautiful city nestled in the mountains of Azerbaijan. It is known for its rich history, cultural heritage, and stunning natural scenery. The city combines modern infrastructure with traditional architecture, creating a unique and vibrant atmosphere.

2. What do you like the most about your hometown?

What I like most about Nakhchivan is its sense of community and tranquility. Despite being a city, it has a peaceful environment and a close-knit community where people know and support each other. The natural beauty and historical sites also add to its charm.

3. Has your hometown changed much in recent years?

Yes, Nakhchivan has changed quite a bit in recent years. There have been significant developments in infrastructure, such as new roads, modern buildings, and improved public services. These changes have made the city more convenient and attractive for both residents and visitors.

4. Do you think your hometown is a good place to grow up? Why or why not?

Yes, I believe Nakhchivan is a good place to grow up. It offers a safe and nurturing environment with a strong sense of community. The quality of education is good, and there are plenty of opportunities for outdoor activities and cultural enrichment.

5. What is the most famous landmark in your hometown?

The most famous landmark in Nakhchivan is the Mausoleum of Momine Khatun. This historic monument is an architectural marvel and a significant cultural heritage site, attracting tourists and scholars alike.

6. How do you feel when you visit your hometown?

When I visit my hometown, I feel a sense of nostalgia and comfort. It’s always a pleasure to reconnect with familiar places and faces. The tranquility and slower pace of life in Nakhchivan provide a refreshing break from the hustle and bustle of larger cities.

7. Do you think you will live in your hometown in the future? Why or why not?

I may consider living in my hometown in the future, especially if I seek a more peaceful and community-oriented lifestyle. However, my career aspirations might require me to stay in larger cities or explore opportunities abroad.

8. What is the best time of year to visit your hometown?

The best time to visit Nakhchivan is during the spring and autumn. The weather is mild and pleasant, making it ideal for sightseeing and outdoor activities. These seasons also highlight the natural beauty of the region, with blooming flowers in spring and colorful foliage in autumn.

9. How does your hometown compare to other places you have lived or visited?

Compared to other places I have lived or visited, Nakhchivan stands out for its unique blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. While it may lack the hustle and convenience of larger cities, its peaceful environment and close-knit community make it a special place.

10. What improvements would you like to see in your hometown?

I would like to see further improvements in public transportation and waste management in Nakhchivan. Enhancing the efficiency and coverage of public transit would make commuting easier, and better waste management practices would contribute to a cleaner environment. Additionally, more cultural and recreational facilities could enhance the quality of life for residents.

 Vocabulary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Nestled – Settled or lying comfortably within or against something

2. Tranquility – The quality or state of being calm and peaceful

3. Close-knit – Tightly integrated; united

4. Enrichment – The act of improving or enhancing the quality or value of something

5. Architectural marvel – A building or structure that is extraordinary and impressive in its design

6. Nostalgia – A sentimental longing or wistful affection for the past

7. Hustle and bustle – Busy and frenetic activity or excitement

8. Community-oriented – Focused on the needs and well-being of the community

9. Aspirations – Strong desires, longings, or aims; ambitions

10. Foliage – Plant leaves collectively

11. Commuting – Traveling some distance between one’s home and place of work on a regular basis

12. Recreational facilities – Places designed for activities done for enjoyment when one is not working

1. How often do you use social media?

I use social media daily to stay connected with friends, family, and colleagues, as well as to keep up with news and current events. It’s an integral part of my routine for both personal and professional reasons.

2. What is your favorite social media platform and why?

My favorite social media platform is LinkedIn because it allows me to network with professionals, share academic content, and stay updated on industry trends. It’s particularly useful for career development and maintaining professional relationships.

3. How do you think social media has changed the way we communicate?

Social media has significantly changed the way we communicate by making it faster and more convenient. It allows for instant messaging, video calls, and sharing multimedia content, which has enhanced global connectivity. However, it has also led to shorter attention spans and a preference for quick, superficial interactions over deep, meaningful conversations.

4. Do you think there are any negative effects of using social media? What are they?

Yes, there are several negative effects of using social media. These include issues like cyberbullying, privacy concerns, addiction, and mental health problems such as anxiety and depression. Social media can also contribute to the spread of misinformation and create unrealistic expectations through curated images and lifestyles.

5. How do you balance social media use with other activities?

I balance social media use with other activities by setting specific times for checking my accounts and limiting my overall screen time. I prioritize face-to-face interactions, physical activities, and hobbies to ensure a well-rounded lifestyle.

6. Have you ever taken a break from social media? Why?

Yes, I have taken breaks from social media to focus on personal projects and reduce stress. These breaks help me to reset and gain perspective, allowing me to return with a healthier mindset and better time management skills.

7. How do you think social media will evolve in the future?

I think social media will continue to evolve with advancements in technology, such as augmented reality and artificial intelligence. Platforms may become more immersive and personalized, offering tailored experiences. Privacy and data security will likely become more critical issues, prompting stricter regulations and improved user controls.

8. What do you usually post on social media?

I usually post content related to my professional interests, such as articles on language learning, educational resources, and updates about my academic projects. Occasionally, I share personal achievements or travel experiences to connect with friends and family.

9. How do you feel about the privacy issues related to social media?

I am concerned about the privacy issues related to social media. The collection and misuse of personal data can lead to identity theft, targeted scams, and breaches of confidentiality. It’s crucial to be aware of privacy settings and to use platforms responsibly to protect personal information.

10. Do you follow any celebrities or influencers on social media? Why or why not?

Yes, I follow a few celebrities and influencers on social media, mainly those who share insightful content related to education, technology, and personal development. Following these individuals provides inspiration, knowledge, and updates on industry trends.

 Vocabulary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Integral – Essential or necessary for completeness

2. Network – Interact with others to exchange information and develop professional or social contacts

3. Connectivity – The state of being connected or interconnected

4. Superficial – Existing or occurring at or on the surface

5. Cyberbullying – The use of electronic communication to bully a person, typically by sending messages of an intimidating or threatening nature

6. Addiction – The fact or condition of being addicted to a particular substance or activity

7. Misinformation – False or inaccurate information

8. Curated – Selected, organized, and presented using professional or expert knowledge

9. Screen time – The amount of time spent using a device such as a computer, television, or games console

10. Augmented reality – A technology that superimposes a computer-generated image on a user’s view of the real world, thus providing a composite view

11. Immersive – Providing, involving, or characterized by deep absorption or immersion in an activity or interest

12. Tailored – Made or adapted for a particular purpose or person

13. Data security – Protective measures applied to digital information to prevent unauthorized access or alterations

14. Confidentiality – The state of keeping or being kept secret or private

1. Are you currently working or studying?

I am currently working as an English lecturer at Nakhchivan State University. My role involves teaching English language courses, conducting research, and developing educational materials.

2. What do you like the most about your work/studies?

What I like most about my work is the opportunity to inspire and educate students. I enjoy seeing their progress and helping them develop their language skills. Additionally, the continuous learning and research aspects of my job keep me intellectually stimulated.

3. What challenges do you face in your work/studies?

One of the main challenges I face is balancing the diverse responsibilities of teaching, research, and administrative tasks. Additionally, keeping up with the latest educational trends and integrating technology into the classroom can be demanding.

4. How do you balance your work/studies with your personal life?

I balance my work with my personal life by maintaining a structured schedule and setting clear boundaries. I make sure to allocate time for relaxation, hobbies, and social activities to ensure a healthy work-life balance.

5. What skills have you learned from your work/studies?

Through my work, I have developed strong communication, organizational, and time management skills. I have also honed my ability to conduct research, analyze data, and create engaging educational content.

6. Do you prefer working/studying alone or with others? Why?

I enjoy a mix of both. Working alone allows me to focus deeply and be more productive, especially when writing or researching. However, collaborating with colleagues and students brings diverse perspectives and ideas, which enriches the learning and teaching experience.

7. How do you stay motivated in your work/studies?

I stay motivated by setting clear goals and reminding myself of the impact my work has on my students’ lives. Continuous learning, attending conferences, and engaging with the academic community also keep me inspired and motivated.

8. What are your future plans regarding your work/studies?

My future plans include continuing to develop as an educator and researcher, publishing more articles, and possibly pursuing further qualifications in my field. I also aim to expand my educational consulting business and explore new teaching methodologies.

9. How has your work/studies influenced your life?

My work has significantly influenced my life by shaping my career and personal development. It has provided me with a sense of purpose and fulfillment, as well as opportunities for growth and connection with others in the academic community.

10. What advice would you give to someone starting in your field of work/study?

I would advise someone starting in the field of education to be passionate and patient. It’s important to stay curious and committed to continuous learning. Building strong relationships with students and colleagues, and being open to new teaching methods and technologies, are also key to success.

 Vocabulary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Intellectually stimulated – Mentally engaged and challenged

2. Diverse responsibilities – Varied tasks and duties

3. Educational trends – Current developments and practices in education

4. Structured schedule – An organized and planned timetable

5. Work-life balance – The equilibrium between professional and personal life

6. Communication skills – The ability to convey information effectively

7. Engaging educational content – Teaching materials that capture students’ interest

8. Diverse perspectives – Different viewpoints and ideas

9. Continuous learning – Ongoing education and skill development

10. Academic community – A group of scholars and researchers in a particular field

1. Have you ever started a small business?

Yes, I have started a small business. I launched a small educational consulting firm to provide language learning and teaching resources. It was a rewarding experience that allowed me to apply my expertise and passion for education.

2. What type of small businesses are popular in your area?

In my area, popular small businesses include cafes, boutique shops, local markets, and service-based businesses like hair salons and repair shops. These businesses cater to the daily needs and preferences of the community.

3. Do you think it’s important to support small businesses? Why?

Yes, it’s very important to support small businesses because they are the backbone of the local economy. They create jobs, foster innovation, and contribute to the unique character of a community. Supporting small businesses helps sustain the local economy and ensures a diverse marketplace.

4. What challenges do small business owners face?

Small business owners face several challenges, including limited access to capital, high competition, regulatory hurdles, and the need to constantly innovate. Additionally, they often have to manage all aspects of the business themselves, which can be time-consuming and stressful.

5. Have you ever bought something from a small business? What was it?

Yes, I frequently buy items from small businesses. Recently, I purchased handmade soap and candles from a local artisan. These products were unique and of high quality, which is something I often find in small businesses.

6. Do you think small businesses have a future in today’s economy? Why?

Yes, I believe small businesses have a future in today’s economy. While they face challenges, small businesses are adaptable and can offer personalized services and unique products that large corporations often cannot. Additionally, the rise of e-commerce has provided new opportunities for small businesses to reach wider audiences.

7. What advice would you give to someone starting a small business?

I would advise someone starting a small business to conduct thorough market research, create a solid business plan, and ensure they have a clear understanding of their target audience. It’s also important to be adaptable and open to feedback. Building a strong network and seeking mentorship can also provide valuable support and insights.

8. How do small businesses impact the local community?

Small businesses have a significant impact on the local community by creating jobs, stimulating economic growth, and fostering a sense of community. They often support local events and initiatives, contributing to the social and cultural fabric of the area. Small businesses also encourage entrepreneurship and innovation within the community.

9. What skills are important for running a small business?

Running a small business requires a variety of skills, including financial management, marketing, customer service, and problem-solving. Strong communication and leadership skills are also essential, as is the ability to adapt to changing circumstances and make informed decisions.

10. Have you ever worked for a small business? How was the experience?

Yes, I have worked for a small business. The experience was enriching and educational. I had the opportunity to wear many hats and gain hands-on experience in different aspects of the business. This holistic involvement provided me with a deeper understanding of how businesses operate and the challenges they face.

 Vocabulary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Rewarding – Providing satisfaction; gratifying

2. Backbone – The chief support of a system or organization

3. Foster – Encourage the development of something

4. Regulatory hurdles – Legal and administrative obstacles

5. Artisan – A worker in a skilled trade, especially one that involves making things by hand

6. Adaptable – Able to adjust to new conditions

7. E-commerce – Commercial transactions conducted electronically on the internet

8. Market research – The action or activity of gathering information about consumers’ needs and preferences

9. Entrepreneurship – The activity of setting up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit

10. Holistic – Characterized by the belief that the parts of something are interconnected and can be understood only by reference to the whole

1. Can you describe the city you live in?

I live in Nakhchivan, a city known for its rich history and cultural heritage. It is a small but vibrant city nestled in the mountains, with a blend of modern infrastructure and traditional architecture. The city has beautiful parks, historical sites, and a welcoming atmosphere.

2. What do you like the most about your city?

What I like most about Nakhchivan is its sense of community and tranquility. Despite being a city, it has a peaceful environment with friendly residents. The historical landmarks and natural beauty, including the stunning mountains and rivers, add to its charm.

3. Are there any famous landmarks in your city?

Yes, Nakhchivan is home to several famous landmarks, such as the Mausoleum of Momine Khatun, the Alinja Castle, and the Ashabi-Kahf Cave. These sites are not only significant historically but also attract tourists from various places.

4. How has your city changed over the years?

Over the years, Nakhchivan has seen significant development in terms of infrastructure and amenities. New roads, modern buildings, and improved public services have transformed the city, making it more convenient and comfortable for residents and visitors alike.

5. What improvements would you like to see in your city?

I would like to see further improvements in public transportation and waste management. Enhancing the efficiency and coverage of public transit would make commuting easier, and better waste management practices would contribute to a cleaner environment.

6. Do you think your city is a good place to live? Why?

Yes, I think Nakhchivan is a good place to live. It offers a high quality of life with its peaceful environment, cultural richness, and modern amenities. The cost of living is reasonable, and the community is supportive, making it an ideal place for families and individuals alike.

7. What are some popular activities to do in your city?

Popular activities in Nakhchivan include visiting historical sites, hiking in the surrounding mountains, and enjoying local cuisine in traditional restaurants. The city also hosts various cultural events and festivals that reflect its rich heritage.

8. How do you feel about the transportation system in your city?

The transportation system in Nakhchivan is adequate but could be improved. While there are buses and taxis available, expanding and modernizing the public transportation network would greatly benefit the residents and reduce traffic congestion.

9. Have you ever thought about moving to a different city? Why or why not?

I have occasionally thought about moving to a different city, mainly for career opportunities or to experience a new environment. However, the strong sense of community and the quality of life in Nakhchivan often make me reconsider, as it is hard to find a place with similar attributes.

10. What is the best time of year to visit your city?

The best time of year to visit Nakhchivan is during the spring and autumn. The weather is pleasant, and the natural scenery is at its most beautiful. These seasons are also ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing.

 Vocabulary for Band 9+ IELTS Speaking

1. Heritage – Valued objects and qualities such as cultural traditions passed down from previous generations

2. Tranquility – The quality or state of being calm and peaceful

3. Vibrant – Full of energy and life

4. Landmark – An object or feature of a landscape or town that is easily seen and recognized from a distance

5. Infrastructure – The basic physical and organizational structures needed for the operation of a society or enterprise

6. Amenities – Useful features or facilities of a building or place

7. Commuting – Traveling some distance between one’s home and place of work on a regular basis

8. Cultural events – Activities related to the arts and cultural heritage

9. Adequate – Satisfactory or acceptable in quality or quantity

10. Congestion – The state of being crowded and full of traffic